ArticlePLoS biology2019
NGL-3 in the regulation of brain development, Akt/GSK3b signaling, long-term depression, and locomotive and cognitive behaviors.
Article in PLoS biology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effects of baicalin in depression: preclinical evidence construction based on meta-analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Pooled it
- Network Pharmacology Reveals the Potential Mechanism of Ketamine in Improving Cognitive Impairment in Patients With Depression.Alpha psychiatry · 2026Article
- Investigating the Effect and Mechanism of 3-Methyladenine Against Diabetic Encephalopathy by Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking, and Experimental Validation.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Cell Adhesion Molecule Signaling at the Synapse: Beyond the Scaffold.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology · 2024Review
- Tandem Mass Tag LC-MS/MS of Aqueous Humor From Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes Without Retinopathy Reveals Early Dysregulation of Synaptic Proteins.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2024Article
- Characterization of cell-cell communication in autistic brains with single-cell transcriptomes.Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders · 2022Article
- Molecular mechanisms of synaptogenesis.Frontiers in synaptic neuroscience · 2022Review
- Automated home-cage monitoring as a potential measure of sickness behaviors and pain-like behaviors in LPS-treated mice.PloS one · 2021Article
- NGL-1/LRRC4C-Mutant Mice Display Hyperactivity and Anxiolytic-Like Behavior Associated With Widespread Suppression of Neuronal Activity.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Netrin-G ligand-3 (NGL-3) is a postsynaptic adhesion molecule known to directly interact with the excitatory postsynaptic scaffolding protein postsynaptic density-95 (PSD-95) and trans-synaptically with leukocyte common antigen-related (LAR) family receptor tyrosine phosphatases to regulate presynaptic differentiation. Although NGL-3 has been implicated in the regulation of excitatory synapse development by in vitro studies, whether it regulates synapse development or function, or any other features of brain development and function, is not known. Here, we report that mice lacking NGL-3 (Ngl3-/- mice) show markedly suppressed normal brain development and postnatal survival and growth. A change of the genetic background of mice from pure to hybrid minimized these developmental effects but modestly suppressed N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor (NMDAR)-mediated synaptic transmission in the hippocampus without affecting synapse development, α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor (AMPAR)-mediated basal transmission, and presynaptic release. Intriguingly, long-term depression (LTD) was near-completely abolished in Ngl3-/- mice, and the Akt/glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) signaling pathway, known to suppress LTD, was abnormally enhanced. In addition, pharmacological inhibition of Akt, but not activation of NMDARs, normalized the suppressed LTD in Ngl3-/- mice, suggesting that Akt hyperactivity suppresses LTD. Ngl3-/- mice displayed several behavioral abnormalities, including hyperactivity, anxiolytic-like behavior, impaired spatial memory, and enhanced seizure susceptibility. Among them, the hyperactivity was rapidly improved by pharmacological NMDAR activation. These results suggest that NGL-3 regulates brain development, Akt/GSK3β signaling, LTD, and locomotive and cognitive behaviors.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.