ReviewNature reviews. Endocrinology2019
Turner syndrome: mechanisms and management.
Review in Nature reviews. Endocrinology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 173 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
173 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 339 citations in OpenAlex.
- Turner Syndrome and the Thyroid Function-A Systematic and Critical Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Pooled it
- X-linked genetic associations in sporadic thoracic aortic dissection.American journal of medical genetics. Part A · 2024Pooled it
- Chromosomal Numerical Aberrations and Rare Copy Number Variation in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease.Journal of Crohn's & colitis · 2023Pooled it
- Association between insulin-like growth factor-1 and cardiovascular events: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of cohort studies.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2022Pooled it
- Pubertal induction and transition to adult sex hormone replacement in patients with congenital pituitary or gonadal reproductive hormone deficiency: an Endo-ERN clinical practice guideline.European journal of endocrinology · 2022Guideline
- Safety and Effectiveness of Recombinant Human Growth Hormone in Children with Turner Syndrome: Data from the PATRO Children Study.Hormone research in paediatrics · 2021Trial
- Turner syndrome as a state of increased autoimmune susceptibility: evidence from rheumatic diseases.Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie · 2026Review
- Infantile Epileptic Spasms Syndrome Complicating Mosaic Down-Turner Syndrome: A Case Report.Clinical case reports · 2026Article
- Best practice recommendations for bioinformatics approaches applied to high-throughput sequencing for rare disease and cancer diagnosis within the UK National Health Service.Journal of medical genetics · 2026Article
- Clinical analysis of prenatal diagnosis, ultrasound findings, and follow-up in 92 Turner mosaic fetuses: a retrospective analysis of 12-year experience.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- Identification of chromosomal abnormalities in miscarriages using single-nucleotide polymorphism arrays.Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2026Article
- Co-occurrence of moyamoya syndrome and Turner syndrome in a 4-year-old Sudanese girl: a rare case report.Journal of medical case reports · 2026Article
- Beyond genital phenotype - Commentary on "Long-term outcomes in 45,X/46,XY mosaicism: a 30-year retrospective study in Hong Kong".Annals of pediatric endocrinology & metabolism · 2026Article
- Loss of chromosome Y in hematopoietic cells: mechanisms and implications for human disease.MedScience · 2026Review
- First reported case of Turner syndrome with Krabbe disease in a child: a case report.Translational pediatrics · 2026Article
- A Rare Coexistence of Turner Syndrome and Mycosis Fungoides: A Case ReportJournal of clinical research in pediatric endocrinology · 2026Article
- Familial Turner Syndrome With Distinct Karyotypes in Two Cousins: Phenotypic Convergence and Genotypic Heterogeneity.The American journal of case reports · 2026Article
- A qPCR-based algorithm for the diagnosis of classic and non-classic Turner syndrome.The Indian journal of medical research · 2026Article
- Global, regional, and national burden and trends of congenital birth defects from 1990 to 2021: epidemiological trends, health inequalities, and COVID-19 impact.Translational pediatrics · 2026Article
- Article
113 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Turner syndrome is a rare condition in women that is associated with either complete or partial loss of one X chromosome, often in mosaic karyotypes. Turner syndrome is associated with short stature, delayed puberty, ovarian dysgenesis, hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, infertility, congenital malformations of the heart, endocrine disorders such as type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus, osteoporosis and autoimmune disorders. Morbidity and mortality are increased in women with Turner syndrome compared with the general population and the involvement of multiple organs through all stages of life necessitates a multidisciplinary approach to care. Despite an often conspicuous phenotype, the diagnostic delay can be substantial and the average age at diagnosis is around 15 years of age. However, numerous important clinical advances have been achieved, covering all specialty fields involved in the care of girls and women with Turner syndrome. Here, we present an updated Review of Turner syndrome, covering advances in genetic and genomic mechanisms of disease, associated disorders and multidisciplinary approaches to patient management, including growth hormone therapy and hormone replacement therapy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.