Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31234840›Full record

Trial reportBMC health services research2019

A randomized control trial of primary care-based management of type 2 diabetes by a pharmacist in Pakistan.

Zaida Javaid, Unaiza Imtiaz, Imtiaz Khalid, Hamid Saeed, Rehana Qadir Khan, Muhammad Islam, Zikria Saleem, Muhammad Farhan Sohail, Zeeshan Danish, Farah Batool and 1 more

Open access · goldAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in BMC health services research, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
3.7field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 39 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Zaida JavaidSection of Clinical Pharmacy, University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Allama Iqbal Campus, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
Unaiza ImtiazMurad Clinic, Near Shalamar Hospital Mughalpura, Shalimar Link Road, Lahore, Pakistan.
Imtiaz KhalidMurad Clinic, Near Shalamar Hospital Mughalpura, Shalimar Link Road, Lahore, Pakistan.
Hamid SaeedSection of Clinical Pharmacy, University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Allama Iqbal Campus, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan. hamid.pharmacy@pu.edu.pk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1400-4825
Rehana Qadir KhanSection of Clinical Pharmacy, University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Allama Iqbal Campus, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
Muhammad IslamSection of Clinical Pharmacy, University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Allama Iqbal Campus, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
Zikria SaleemSection of Clinical Pharmacy, University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Allama Iqbal Campus, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
Muhammad Farhan SohailRipha Institute of Pharmacy, Township, Lahore, Pakistan.
Zeeshan DanishSection of Clinical Pharmacy, University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Allama Iqbal Campus, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
Farah BatoolInstitute of Pharmacy, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan.
Naveed AnwerSaulat Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Quaid -i- Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
University of the Punjab · PKShalamar Hospital · PKLahore College for Women University · PKQuaid-i-Azam University · PK

Funding

University of the Punjab HS/PUCP/1926
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe role of a pharmacist in primary health care settings of Pakistan is still obscure. Thus, we aimed to demonstrate the pharmacist-led improvements in glycemic, blood pressure and lipid controls in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients of Lahore, Pakistan.

methodsThe first open label, randomized control trial conducted at a primary health care facility of Lahore, Pakistan by enrolling 244 uncontrolled type 2 diabetes (hemoglobin A1 c, (HbA1c); 10.85 ± 1.74) patients. The pharmacological intervention included identification of drug related problems, drug interactions, change in dose, frequency and therapy switches in collaboration with physician, while non-pharmacological intervention consisted of diet, lifestyle and behavior counseling. Outcome measures were glycemic (HbA1c), blood pressure and lipid controls.

resultsIn intra-group comparison, compared to control arm (C, n = 52), subjects in the intervention arm (I, n = 83) demonstrated significant differences in process outcome measures; baseline vs final, such as HbA1c (C; 10.3 ± 1.3 vs 9.7 ± 1.3, p <  0.001, I; 10.9 ± 1.7 vs 7.7 ± 0.9, p <  0.0001), systolic blood pressure (SBP) (C; 129.9 ± 13.9 vs 136 ± 7.1, p = 0.0001, I; 145 ± 20.4 vs 123.9 ± 9.9 mmHg, p <  0.0001), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (C; + 4, p = 0.03, I; - 7 mmHg, p <  0.0001), cholesterol (C; 235.8 ± 57.7 vs 220.9 ± 53.2, p = 0.15, I; 224 ± 55.2 vs 153 ± 25.9 mg/dL, p < 0.0001), triglycerides (C; 213.2 ± 86.6 vs 172.4 ± 48.7, p = 0.001, I; 273 ± 119.4 vs 143 ± 31.6 mg/dL, p < 0.0001) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (C; 77.5 ± 18.6 vs 76 ± 14.2, p = 0.5, I; 69.4 ± 21.3 vs 93.8 ± 15.2 ml/min/1.73m

conclusionThese data suggested that pharmacist intervention in collaboration with physician in primary health care settings may result in significant improvements in glycemic, blood pressure and lipid controls in Pakistani population.

trial registrationThe trial was registered retrospectively with International Standard Registered Clinical/soCial sTudy Number (ISRCTN) registry on July 26, 2017 under nutritional, metabolic, endocrine category with assigned registration # ISRCTN22657497 and can be assessed at https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN22657497.

Indexed as

AdultBlood GlucoseBlood PressureDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2FemaleHumansInterprofessional RelationsLipidsMaleMiddle AgedPakistanPharmacistsPhysiciansPrimary Health CareProfessional RoleTreatment OutcomeBlood GlucoseLipidsBlood pressureGlycemic controlHbA1cLahorePakistanPharmaceutical carePharmacistRandomized controlT2DM

Identifiers

PMID31234840
PMCPMC6591859
OpenAlexW2951182088

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.