ArticleCurrent opinion in physiology2019
Sex differences and mechanisms of muscle pain.
Article in Current opinion in physiology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Incidence and risk factors of persistent postoperative pain after cardiac surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC anesthesiology · 2026Pooled it
- Effects of a Family Caregiver Care Programme in Musculoskeletal Pain and Disability in the Shoulder-Neck Region-A Randomised Clinical Trial.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Trial
- Sex Differences in Experiencing and Reporting Low Back Pain Using Standardised Questionnaires: A Cross-Sectional Study.Musculoskeletal care · 2026Observational
- Influence of menstrual cycle phases on post-endodontic pain: a comparative clinical study with male patients.Odontology · 2026Article
- The burden of low back pain and predictions in Asia-Pacific region, 1990-2021: a comparative analysis of China, Japan, Thailand, and Pakistan.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Sex differences in the transition to chronic pain.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025Review
- Sex-based differences in biomechanical function for chronic low back pain and how it relates to pain experience.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2025Article
- Association Between Sarcopenia and Buttock Pain Among Middle-Aged and Older Chinese People: Evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Temporal trends of low back pain burden and joinpoint and age-period-cohort analysis in China from 1990 to 2021.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Article
- Sex Is Not an Independent Predictor of Exercise-Induced Pain After Adjustment for Performance and Pain Sensitivity.Pain research & management · 2025Article
- A calculator for musculoskeletal injuries prediction in surgeons: a machine learning approach.Surgical endoscopy · 2024Article
- Article
- The relationship between myofascial trigger points sensitivity, cervical postural abnormality, and clinical tension-type headache parameters.The Journal of manual & manipulative therapy · 2024Article
- Evaluation of three decades of the burden of low back pain in China before COVID-19: Estimates from the Global Burden of Disease Database 2019.Journal of global health · 2024Article
- Involvement of the Transient Receptor Channels in Preclinical Models of Musculoskeletal Pain.Current neuropharmacology · 2024Review
- Topical application of a TRPA1 antagonist reduced nociception and inflammation in a model of traumatic muscle injury in rats.Inflammopharmacology · 2023Article
- Gender-Related Issues in the Management of Low-Back Pain: A Current Concepts Review.Clinics and practice · 2023Review
- The Role of Sex Hormones in Pain-Related Conditions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Carbamazepine for Chronic Muscle Pain: A Retrospective Assessment of Indications, Side Effects, and Treatment Response.Brain sciences · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Clinical conditions resulting in musculoskeletal pain show important sex differences in both prevalence and degree of functional disability. The underlying mechanisms for these distinctions in pain manifestation are not fully known. However, recent preclinical studies have shown at the primary afferent level that males and females present fundamental differences in their peripheral response properties and injury-related gene expression patterns that may underlie observed afferent sensitization. At the spinal cord level, studies in various models of pain suggest important roles for the immune system, glutamate signaling and hormones in modulating sex differences. While preclinical studies have been able to characterize some of the basic underlying molecular mechanisms of sex differences in muscle pain, human studies have relied mainly on functional brain imaging studies to explain differences. Further complicating our understanding of how sex influences muscle pain is the notion that the type of injury sustained, or clinical condition may differentially activate distinct mechanisms of muscle pain development in males versus females. More research is necessary to better understand how the sexes differ in their perception of muscle pain. This review highlights recent advances in both human and animal studies of sex differences in muscle pain.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.