ArticleJournal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition2020
Turning languages on and off: Switching into and out of code-blends reveals the nature of bilingual language control.
Article in Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Ten things you should know about sign languages.Current directions in psychological science · 2023Article
- Lessons to be Learned from Bimodal Bilingualism.Hrvatska revija za rehabilitacijska istrazivanja · 2022Article
- Research on bilingualism as discovery science.Brain and language · 2021Article
- Do Cross-Language Script Differences Enable Bilinguals to Function Selectively When Speaking in One Language Alone?Frontiers in communication · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
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Abstract
When spoken language (unimodal) bilinguals switch between languages, they must simultaneously inhibit 1 language and activate the other language. Because American Sign Language (ASL)-English (bimodal) bilinguals can switch into and out of code-blends (simultaneous production of a sign and a word), we can tease apart the cost of inhibition (turning a language off) and activation (turning a language on). Results from a cued picture-naming task with 43 bimodal bilinguals revealed a significant cost to turn off a language (switching out of a code-blend), but no cost to turn on a language (switching into a code-blend). Switching from single to dual lexical retrieval (adding a language) was also not costly. These patterns held for both languages regardless of default language, that is, whether switching between speaking and code-blending (English default) or between signing and code-blending (ASL default). Overall, the results support models of bilingual language control that assume a primary role for inhibitory control and indicate that disengaging from producing a language is more difficult than engaging a new language. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.