Trial reportEBioMedicine2019
TLR9 agonist MGN1703 enhances B cell differentiation and function in lymph nodes.
Trial report in EBioMedicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02443935 (Toll-like Receptor 9 Enhancement of Antiviral Immunity in Chronic HIV-1 Infection), which is not on this map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Toll-like Receptor 9 Enhancement of Antiviral Immunity in Chronic HIV-1 Infection: a Phase 1b/2a Trial
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of a TLR9 agonist and broadly neutralizing antibodies on HIV-1 persistence: the randomized phase 2a TITAN trial.Nature medicine · 2023Trial
- TLR9 Agonists Potentiate Adoptive T-cell Therapy in Cancer through a B-cell-CD2 Costimulatory Axis.Cancer research · 2026Article
- Opportunities and challenges in achieving a functional cure for HIV.Infectious diseases & immunity · 2026Review
- Tumor-Associated Macrophages as Therapeutic Targets: Deciphering Interaction Networks and Advancing Clinical Translation.MedComm · 2026Review
- Advances in molecular innate immune regulation in the development and therapeutic strategies of allergic rhinitis vaccines.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Intravenous administration of CpG7909 lipoplex enhances anti-PD1 immunotherapy by modulating the tumor microenvironment and inducing durable tumor regression.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Balancing Host Defense and Viral Tolerance for the Development of Next-Generation Broad-Spectrum Antiviral Agents.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Triad3A-Mediated K48-Linked ubiquitination and degradation of TLR9 impairs mitochondrial bioenergetics and exacerbates diabetic cardiomyopathy.Journal of advanced research · 2024Article
- TLR9 agonism differentially impacts human NK cell-mediated direct killing and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Tlr9 deficiency in B cells leads to obesity by promoting inflammation and gut dysbiosis.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Safety and practicality of an excisional lymph node study driving HIV cure research in South Africa.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Potential pharmacologic interventions targeting TLR signaling in placental malaria.Trends in parasitology · 2022Review
- CD169 (Siglec-1) as a Robust Human Cell Biomarker of Toll-Like Receptor 9 Agonist Immunotherapy.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Article
- Insights Into Persistent HIV-1 Infection and Functional Cure: Novel Capabilities and Strategies.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Review
- Recent advances in cancer immunotherapy: Modulation of tumor microenvironment by Toll-like receptor ligands.BioImpacts : BI · 2022Review
- Recent Advances in Oligonucleotide Therapeutics in Oncology.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Review
- TLR9 Deficiency in B Cells Promotes Immune Tolerance via Interleukin-10 in a Type 1 Diabetes Mouse Model.Diabetes · 2021Article
- TLR Agonists as Vaccine Adjuvants Targeting Cancer and Infectious Diseases.Pharmaceutics · 2021Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
27 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundTLR9 agonists are being developed as immunotherapy against malignancies and infections. TLR9 is primarily expressed in B cells and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs). TLR9 signalling may be critically important for B cell activity in lymph nodes but little is known about the in vivo impact of TLR9 agonism on human lymph node B cells. As a pre-defined sub-study within our clinical trial investigating TLR9 agonist MGN1703 (lefitolimod) treatment in the context of developing HIV cure strategies (NCT02443935), we assessed TLR9 agonist-mediated effects in lymph nodes.
methodsParticipants received MGN1703 for 24 weeks concurrent with antiretroviral therapy. Seven participants completed the sub-study including lymph node resection at baseline and after 24 weeks of treatment. A variety of tissue-based immunologic and virologic parameters were assessed.
findingsMGN1703 dosing increased B cell differentiation; activated pDCs, NK cells, and T cells; and induced a robust interferon response in lymph nodes. Expression of Activation-Induced cytidine Deaminase, an essential regulator of B cell diversification and somatic hypermutation, was highly elevated. During MGN1703 treatment IgG production increased and antibody glycosylation patterns were changed.
interpretationOur data present novel evidence that the TLR9 agonist MGN1703 modulates human lymph node B cells in vivo. These findings warrant further considerations in the development of TLR9 agonists as immunotherapy against cancers and infectious diseases. FUND: This work was supported by Aarhus University Research Foundation, the Danish Council for Independent Research and the NovoNordisk Foundation. Mologen AG provided study drug free of charge.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.