SynthesisEuropean spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society2019
The bacteria-positive proportion in the disc tissue samples from surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evidence for infection in intervertebral disc degeneration: a systematic review.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2022Pooled it
- Wogonin Ameliorates the Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis, and Extracellular Matrix Degradation of Nucleus Pulposus Cells Mediated byInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Metagenomic NGS reveals determinants of polymicrobial spinal infection pathogenesis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Bacterial growth in patients with low back pain and Modic changes: protocol of a multicentre, case-control biopsy study.BMJ open · 2024Article
- Modic change is associated with increased BMI but not autoimmune diseases in TwinsUK.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2023Article
- Article
- Wogonin, a Bioactive Ingredient from Huangqi Guizhi Formula, Alleviates Discogenic Low Back Pain via Suppressing the Overexpressed NGF in Intervertebral Discs.Mediators of inflammation · 2023Article
- Anaerobic spondylodiscitis: a retrospective analysis.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2022Article
- Comparative metagenomic analysis of human intervertebral disc nucleus pulposus and cartilaginous end plates.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Article
- Intervertebral Disc Degeneration and Low Back Pain Depends on Duration and Magnitude of Axial Compression.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2022Article
- Study protocol: effect of infection, Modic and inflammation on clinical outcomes in surgery for radiculopathy (EIMICOR).BMC neurology · 2021Article
- Article
- The Michel Benoist and Robert Mulholland yearly European spine journal review: a survey of the "surgical and research" articles in European spine journal, 2019.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2020Review
- Icariin Ameliorates Lower Back Pain in Rats via Suppressing the Secretion of Cytokine-Induced Neutrophil Chemoatractant-1.BioMed research international · 2020Article
- The Michel Benoist and Robert Mulholland yearly European spine journal review: a survey of the "medical" articles in European spine journal, 2019.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThe role of bacteria, especially Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes), in human intervertebral disc diseases has raised attention in recent years. However, limited sample size of these studies and diverse bacteria-positive proportion made this topic still controversial. We aimed to review related articles and summarize the bacteria-positive proportion in these studies.
methodsWe searched the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase for related literature from January 2001 to May 2018, and the reference articles were also searched. The random effects or fixed effects meta-analysis was used to pool the overall positive proportion or odds ratio of these studies.
resultsWe found 16 relevant articles and 2084 cases of the bacteria culture from surgery. Within the 16 included studies, 12 studies' results supported the infection in the discs. The pooled bacterial infection rate was 25.3%. The pooled P. acnes infection rate was 15.5%. The overall pooled P. acnes proportion in bacteria-positive discs was 56.4%. We also found that the presence of bacteria may contribute to the development of Modic change with the odds ratio as 1.27 (95% CI: 0.44-3.64), but this result is not significant due to heterogeneity, so further study is needed.
conclusionThe existence of bacteria in the intervertebral discs was proved by many studies. However, the variety in sample collecting and culture methods is still obvious and the positive rate also fluctuated within the studies. Standardized and reliable methods should be taken to promote the study in the future. These slides can be retrieved under Electronic Supplementary Material.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.