ReviewEpigenetics
Methodological challenges in constructing DNA methylation risk scores.
Review in Epigenetics. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
56 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Paediatric DNA methylation profile scores: a systematic review and open-source atlas.EBioMedicine · 2026Pooled it
- Multi-epigenome-wide analyses and meta-analysis of child maltreatment in judicial autopsies and intervened children and adolescents.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Polymethylation scores for prenatal maternal smoke exposure persist until age 15 and are detected in saliva in the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing cohort.Epigenetics · 2022Pooled it
- Distinct sex-specific DNA methylation differences in Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2022Pooled it
- Cross-tissue analysis of blood and brain epigenome-wide association studies in Alzheimer's disease.Nature communications · 2022Pooled it
- DNA methylation in peripheral tissues and left-handedness.Scientific reports · 2022Pooled it
- Age-related DNA methylation on Y chromosome and their associations with total mortality among Chinese males.Aging cell · 2022Pooled it
- Differential methylation as a diagnostic biomarker of rare renal diseases: a systematic review.BMC nephrology · 2019Pooled it
- Blood DNA methylation and breast cancer risk: a prospective nested case-control study.EBioMedicine · 2026Article
- Integrating polygenic and methylation risk scores for pleural mesothelioma risk stratification.International journal of cancer · 2026Article
- Simultaneous Assessment of Genetic and Epigenetic Contributions to the Plasma Lipid Levels with Respect to Cardiovascular Risk.Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis · 2026Article
- Epigenetics of Childhood Obesity.Hormone research in paediatrics · 2026Review
- Poly-epigenetic scores for cardiometabolic risk factors interact with demographic factors and health behaviors in older US Adults.Epigenetics · 2025Article
- Placental DNA methylation key topics: sex- and cell-type specificity, mediation, multi-omics, and biomarker discovery.Epigenomics · 2025Review
- Risk factors and prediction for pediatric obesity: current status and future perspectives.Endocrine journal · 2025Review
- Methylation Risk Scores in Psychiatric Disorders: Advancing Epigenetic Research in Mental Health.JMA journal · 2025Article
- Methylation Risk Score Modelling in Endometriosis: Evidence for Non-Genetic DNA Methylation Effects in a Case-Control Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Epigenetic biomarkers of socioeconomic status are associated with age-related chronic diseases and mortality in older adults.PNAS nexus · 2025Article
- Development of a metabolomic risk score for exposure to traffic-related air pollution: A multi-cohort study.Environmental research · 2024Article
- Blood-based DNA methylation and exposure risk scores predict PTSD with high accuracy in military and civilian cohorts.BMC medical genomics · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Polygenic approaches often access more variance of complex traits than is possible by single variant approaches. For genotype data, genetic risk scores (GRS) are widely used for risk prediction as well as in association and interaction studies. Recently, interest has been growing in transferring GRS approaches to DNA methylation data (methylation risk scores, MRS), which can be used 1) as biomarkers for environmental exposures, 2) in association analyses in which single CpG sites do not achieve significance, 3) as dimension reduction approach in interaction and mediation analyses, and 4) to predict individual risks of disease or treatment success. Most GRS approaches can directly be transferred to methylation data. However, since methylation data is more sensitive to confounding, e.g. by age and tissue, it is more complex to find appropriate external weights. In this review, we will outline the adaption of current GRS approaches to methylation data and highlight occurring challenges.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.