Trial reportDiabetes, obesity & metabolism2019
Performance of the Freestyle Libre flash glucose monitoring (flash GM) system in individuals with type 1 diabetes: A secondary outcome analysis of a randomized crossover trial.
Trial report in Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 73 citations in OpenAlex.
- Guideline
- Efficacy and safety of flash glucose monitoring in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2020Pooled it
- Trial
- Glycaemic Impact of Low- and High-Glycaemic Index Carbohydrate Diets in Ultra-Endurance Athletes: Insights From Continuous Glucose Monitoring.European journal of sport science · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Performance of the Freestyle Libre flash glucose monitoring (flash GM) system in individuals with type 1 diabetes: A secondary outcome analysis of a randomized crossover trial.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2019Trial
- Decision accuracy of simultaneously used real-time CGM versus intermittently scanned CGM around exercise in type 1 diabetes: A secondary analysis of the ULTRAFLEXI-1 study.Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association · 2026Article
- Effects of continuous glucose monitoring in enhanced recovery after colorectal cancer patient surgery with type 2 diabetes (application of CGM in the ERAS process of CRC patient with diabetes).Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Continuous measurement of interstitial glycaemia in professional female UCI world tour cyclists undertaking a 9-day cycle training camp.European journal of sport science · 2024Article
- Performance of an interstitial glucose monitoring device in patients with type 1 diabetes during haemodialysis.Clinical kidney journal · 2024Article
- A case of insulinoma misidentified as schizophrenia due to its manifestation in neuropsychiatric symptoms.Diabetology international · 2024Article
- Accuracy of continuous glucose monitoring during exercise-related hypoglycemia in individuals with type 1 diabetes.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Performance of real-time continuous glucose monitoring during track and field training in adolescents with type 1 diabetes.Pediatric endocrinology, diabetes, and metabolism · 2024Article
- Accuracy of a novel real-time continuous glucose monitoring system: a prospective self-controlled study in thirty hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Intermittent scanning continuous glucose monitoring is safe and useful in postsurgical glucose monitoring after pancreatoduodenectomy.Acta diabetologica · 2023Article
- Factory-Calibrated Continuous Glucose Monitoring Systems in Type 1 Diabetes: Accuracy during In-Clinic Exercise and Home Use.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Clinical Performance Evaluation of Continuous Glucose Monitoring Systems: A Scoping Review and Recommendations for Reporting.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2023Article
- Review
- Using flash glucose monitoring in pregnancies in routine care of patients with gestational diabetes mellitus: a pilot study.Acta diabetologica · 2023Article
- Flash glucose monitoring system in special situations.Archives of endocrinology and metabolism · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimsThe efficacy of flash glucose monitoring (flash GM) systems has been demonstrated by improvements in glycaemia; however, during high rates of glucose flux, the performance of continuous glucose monitoring systems was impaired, as detailed in previous studies. This study aimed to determine the performance of the flash GM system during daily-life glycaemic challenges such as carbohydrate-rich meals, bolus insulin-induced glycaemic disturbances and acute physical exercise in individuals with type 1 diabetes. MATERIALS AND
methodsThis study comprised four randomized trial visits with alternating pre- and post-exercise bolus insulin doses. Throughout the four 14-hour inpatient phases, 19 participants received three carbohydrate-rich meals and performed moderate-intensity exercise. Venous blood glucose and capillary blood glucose during exercise was compared to interstitial glucose concentrations. Flash GM accuracy was assessed by median absolute relative difference (MARD) (interquartile range [IQR]) using the Bland-Altman method and Clark error grid, as well as according to guidelines for integrated CGM approvals (Class II-510(K)).
resultsThe overall MARD (IQR) during inpatient phases was 14.3% (6.9%-22.8%), during hypoglycaemia (≤3.9 mmol/L) was 31.6% (16.2%-46.8%), during euglycaemia (4.0 mmol/L - 9.9 mmol/L) was 16.0% (8.5%-24.0%) and during hyperglycaemia (≥10 mmol/L) was 9.4% (5.1%-15.7%). Overall Bland-Altman analysis showed a bias (95% LoA) of 1.26 mmol/L (-1.67 to 4.19 mmol/L). The overall MARD during acute exercise was 29.8% (17.5%-39.8%), during hypoglycaemia was 45.1% (35.2%-51.1%), during euglycaemia was 30.7% (18.7%-39.2%) and during hyperglycaemia was 16.3% (10.0%-22.8%).
conclusionFlash GM interstitial glucose readings were not sufficiently accurate within the hypoglycaemic range and during acute exercise and require confirmatory blood glucose measurements.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.