ReviewThe Proceedings of the Nutrition Society2020
Different physiological mechanisms underlie an adverse cardiovascular disease risk profile in men and women.
Review in The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- How does biological age acceleration mediate the associations of obesity with cardiovascular disease? Evidence from international multi-cohort studies.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2025Article
- The Impact of Diet and Sociodemographic Factors on Cardiovascular Health in University Students.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Differences in risk factor profiles for peripheral artery disease compared to coronary, cerebral and carotid artery.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Usefulness of Atherogenic Indices for Predicting High Values of Avoidable Lost Life Years Heart Age in 139,634 Spanish Workers.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Optimal Cut-off Points of the Standardized Continuous Metabolic Syndrome Severity Score (cMetS-S) for Predicting Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) and CVD Mortality in the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS).International journal of endocrinology and metabolism · 2024Article
- Characterization of sexual dimorphism in ANGPTL4 levels and function.Journal of lipid research · 2024Article
- Gender Differences in Prevalence and Associated Factors of Dyslipidemia in Initial-Treatment and Drug-Naïve Schizophrenia Patients.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2024Article
- Distribution of Arteriosclerotic Vessels in Patients with Arteriosclerosis and the Differences of Serum Lipid Levels Classified by Different Sites.International journal of general medicine · 2024Article
- Sex-Specific Differences in Lipoprotein Production and Clearance.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2023Review
- Characteristics of serum lipid levels in patients with hypertension: a hospital-based retrospective descriptive study.BMJ open · 2022Article
- Inflammaging and Vascular Function in Metabolic Syndrome: The Role of Hyperuricemia.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2022Article
- Independent association of atherogenic dyslipidaemia with all-cause mortality in individuals with type 2 diabetes and modifying effect of gender: a prospective cohort study.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2021Observational
- Adrenomedullin Attenuates Inflammation in White Adipose Tissue of Obese Rats Through Receptor-Mediated PKA Pathway.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2021Article
- Sugar-Lowering Drugs for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolic Syndrome-Review of Classical and New Compounds: Part-I.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
CVD affect about one-third of the population and are the leading cause of mortality. The prevalence of CVD is closely linked to the prevalence of obesity because obesity is commonly associated with metabolic abnormalities that are important risk factors for CVD, including insulin resistance, pre-diabetes, and type-2 diabetes, atherosclerotic dyslipidaemia, endothelial dysfunction and hypertension. Women have a more beneficial traditional CVD risk profile (lower fasting plasma glucose, less atherogenic lipid profile) and a lower absolute risk for CVD than men. However, the relative risk for CVD associated with hyperglycaemia and dyslipidaemia is several-fold higher in women than in men. The reasons for the sex differences in CVD risk associated with metabolic abnormalities are unclear but could be related to differences in the mechanisms that cause hyperglycaemia and dyslipidaemia in men and women, which could influence the pathogenic processes involved in CVD. In the present paper, we review the influence of a person's sex on key aspects of metabolism involved in the cardiometabolic disease process, including insulin action on endogenous glucose production, tissue glucose disposal, and adipose tissue lipolysis, insulin secretion and insulin plasma clearance, postprandial glucose, fatty acid, and triglyceride kinetics, hepatic lipid metabolism and myocardial substrate use. We conclude that there are marked differences in many aspects of metabolism in men and women that are not all attributable to differences in the sex hormone milieu. The mechanisms responsible for these differences and the clinical implications of these observations are unclear and require further investigation.
Indexed as
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.