ReviewNeurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics2019
The Role of Estrogen in Brain and Cognitive Aging.
Review in Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 163 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
163 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Prevalence and influencing factors of cognitive frailty in Chinese maintenance hemodialysis patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC nephrology · 2025Pooled it
- Prevalence and determinants of cognitive impairment in older adults with stroke in China: a systematic review.Frontiers in public health · 2025Pooled it
- Cardiovascular Changes in Menopause.Current cardiology reviews · 2021Pooled it
- A systematic and methodological review of attentional biases in eating disorders: Food, body, and perfectionism.Brain and behavior · 2019Pooled it
- The acute effect of two exercise modalities on neurocognitive responses in postmenopausal women: A randomized controlled trial.Experimental physiology · 2026Trial
- Effects of a high-intensity functional exercise program on menopausal symptoms, physical performance, and dual-task performance in postmenopausal women: a randomized controlled trial.BMC women's health · 2026Trial
- The role of zinc homeostasis in major depressive disorder: heterogeneous pathological mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Annals of medicine · 2026Review
- Prospective study of reproductive span and menopausal hormone therapy and cognitive decline over 8 years in the Nurses' Health Study.Menopause (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Article
- Blood proteomics of menopause map to brain aging and dementia risk.Nature medicine · 2026Article
- Clinical evidence on integrated Chinese-Western medicine for perimenopausal syndrome.Integrative medicine research · 2026Article
- A neurodevelopmental model of eating disorder risk in midlife to older adulthood.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2026Review
- Estrogen Withdrawal-Induced Cognitive Impairment in Menopausal Women: Mechanisms and Prospects for Integrated Interventions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Dietary phytoestrogen ameliorates ovarian toxicant-induced neurotoxicity: mechanistic and metabolic insights.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Role of Physical Activity in Protecting Against Dementia According to Menopausal Status.Journal of clinical neurology (Seoul, Korea) · 2026Article
- Sex-specific differences and diagnostic tool performance in the neuropsychiatric profile of Parkinson's disease.BMC neurology · 2026Article
- Transcriptional analyses identify pericyte-centered signaling programs altered by sex and brain region in Alzheimer's Disease.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Chronic stress alters neurotransmitter co-expression and disrupts context discrimination in a sex-dependent manner.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2026Article
- Protective effects ofBiomedical reports · 2026Article
- Osteocalcin is a compensatory hormone to protect the nervous system in ovariectomized mice.npj aging · 2026Article
- National database analysis of prescription medication uses and cognitive function in older adults: An observational study.Medicine · 2026Observational
103 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
There are 3 common physiological estrogens, of which estradiol (E2) is seen to decline rapidly over the menopausal transition. This decline in E2 has been associated with a number of changes in the brain, including cognitive changes, effects on sleep, and effects on mood. These effects have been demonstrated in both rodent and non-human preclinical models. Furthermore, E2 interactions have been indicated in a number of neuropsychiatric disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, and depression. In normal brain aging, there are a number of systems that undergo changes and a number of these show interactions with E2, particularly the cholinergic system, the dopaminergic system, and mitochondrial function. E2 treatment has been shown to ameliorate some of the behavioral and morphological changes seen in preclinical models of menopause; however, in clinical populations, the effects of E2 treatment on cognitive changes after menopause are mixed. The future use of sex hormone treatment will likely focus on personalized or precision medicine for the prevention or treatment of cognitive disturbances during aging, with a better understanding of who may benefit from such treatment.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.