ReviewCell death & disease2019
Fasting and rapamycin: diabetes versus benevolent glucose intolerance.
Review in Cell death & disease, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hierarchical endpoints and win statistics for geromedicine trials.Nature aging · 2026Review
- Insulin-Dependence and Survival in Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors: Results From the US-NTSG Group.Journal of surgical oncology · 2026Article
- Intermittent Fasting as a Neuroprotective Strategy: Gut-Brain Axis Modulation and Metabolic Reprogramming in Neurodegenerative Disorders.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Autophagy and Mitophagy in Diabetic Kidney Disease-A Literature Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Review
- Autophagy modulators in type 2 diabetes: A new perspective.Journal of diabetes · 2024Review
- Pharmacology of Aging:Aging biology · 2024Article
- mTOR Dysregulation, Insulin Resistance, and Hypertension.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Diet induced insulin resistance is due to induction of PTEN expression.Research square · 2024Article
- The mitochondrial tRNA-derived fragment, mt-tRF-LeuMolecular metabolism · 2024Article
- Immunosuppressive Agents-Effects on the Cardiovascular System and Selected Metabolic Aspects: A Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Review
- mTOR Inhibition via Low-Dose, Pulsed Rapamycin with Intraovarian Condensed Platelet Cytokines: An Individualized Protocol to Recover Diminished Reserve?Journal of personalized medicine · 2023Article
- A masked, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial evaluating safety and the effect on cardiac function of low-dose rapamycin in 17 healthy client-owned dogs.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2023Article
- Mitotic CDK1 and 4E-BP1 II: A single phosphomimetic mutation in 4E-BP1 induces glucose intolerance in mice.PloS one · 2023Article
- Neurotrophic effects of intermittent fasting, calorie restriction and exercise: a review and annotated bibliography.Frontiers in aging · 2023Review
- Rapamycin suppresses inflammation and increases the interaction between p65 and IκBα in rapamycin-induced fatty livers.PloS one · 2023Article
- COX7A1 enhances the sensitivity of human NSCLC cells to cystine deprivation-induced ferroptosis via regulating mitochondrial metabolism.Cell death & disease · 2022Article
- Inhibition of mTOR improves malnutrition induced hepatic metabolic dysfunction.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Non-Immunologic Causes of Late Death-Censored Kidney Graft Failure: A Personalized Approach.Journal of personalized medicine · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Rapamycin (Sirolimus) slows aging, extends life span, and prevents age-related diseases, including diabetic complications such as retinopathy. Puzzlingly, rapamycin can induce insulin sensitivity, but may also induce insulin resistance or glucose intolerance without insulin resistance. This mirrors the effect of fasting and very low calorie diets, which improve insulin sensitivity and reverse type 2 diabetes, but also can cause a form of glucose intolerance known as benevolent pseudo-diabetes. There is no indication that starvation (benevolent) pseudo-diabetes is detrimental. By contrast, it is associated with better health and life extension. In transplant patients, a weak association between rapamycin/everolimus use and hyperglycemia is mostly due to a drug interaction with calcineurin inhibitors. When it occurs in cancer patients, the hyperglycemia is mild and reversible. No hyperglycemic effects of rapamycin/everolimus have been detected in healthy people. For antiaging purposes, rapamycin/everolimus can be administrated intermittently (e.g., once a week) in combination with intermittent carbohydrate restriction, physical exercise, and metformin.
Indexed as
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.