ArticleMolecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.)2019
The cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway in resistant hypertension treated with renal denervation.
Article in Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dynamics of Soluble Factors and Double-Negative T Cells Associated with Response to Renal Denervation in Resistant Hypertension Patients.Journal of personalized medicine · 2022Article
- Should Renal Inflammation Be Targeted While Treating Hypertension?Frontiers in physiology · 2022Review
- Possible Mechanisms Underlying Neurological Post-COVID Symptoms and Neurofeedback as a Potential Therapy.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2022Article
- Therapeutic targeting of inflammation in hypertension: from novel mechanisms to translational perspective.Cardiovascular research · 2021Review
- Activation of the Cholinergic Anti-inflammatory Pathway Attenuated Angiotension II-Dependent Hypertension and Renal Injury.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Article
- The cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway in chronic kidney disease-review and vagus nerve stimulation clinical pilot study.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2020Review
- Renal denervation mitigates atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- mice via the suppression of inflammation.American journal of translational research · 2020Article
- COVID-19-related myocarditis and cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathways.Hellenic journal of cardiology : HJC = Hellenike kardiologike epitheoreseReview
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundRenal denervation (RDN) reduces sympathetic tone and may alter the sympathetic-parasympathetic balance. The autonomic nervous system is partly a regulator of innate immunity via the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP) which inhibits inflammation via the vagus nerve. Placental Growth Factor (PlGF) influences a neuro-immunological pathway in the spleen which may contribute to hypertension. The aim of this study was to investigate if modulation of renal sympathetic nerve activity affects CAP in terms of cytokine release as well as levels of PlGF.
methodsTen patients treated with RDN (Medtronic Inc), were analyzed for TNF, IL-1b and IL-10 and Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated cytokine release before RDN, 1 day after and at 3- and 6-months follow-up. Four patients who underwent elective coronary angiography served as disease controls (DC).
resultsBaseline TNF was significantly lower 1 day after RDN (p = 0.03). LPS-stimulated (0, 10 and 100 ng/mL) TNF and IL-1b were significantly lower 1 day after RDN (TNF p = 0.0009, p = 0.0009 and p = 0.001, IL-1b; p = 0.0001, p = 0.002 and p = 0.005). IL-10 was significantly higher one day after RDN (p = ns, p = 0.02 and p = 0.01). These differences however declined during follow up. A more marked TNF reduction was achieved with a cholinergic analogue, GTS-21, in LPS-stimulated whole blood as compared with samples without GTS-21. Cytokine levels in controls did not differ before and 1 day after coronary angiography. PlGF was significantly higher in RDN patients and DC compared with healthy controls but did not change during follow-up.
conclusionRDN has an immediate effect on TNF in vivo and cytokine release ex vivo but seems to wane over time suggesting that current RDN techniques may not have long-lasting immunomodulatory effect. Repeated and extended stimulation of CAP in resistant hypertension by targeting neural circuits may be a potential therapeutic strategy for treatment of both hypertension and inflammation.
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