Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31428627›Full record

ReviewBioMed research international2019

Neurometabolic Evidence Supporting the Hypothesis of Increased Incidence of Type 3 Diabetes Mellitus in the 21st Century.

Anna Rorbach-Dolata, Agnieszka Piwowar

Registry-linked trialOpen access · hybridAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in BioMed research international, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05227820 (Anti-Inflammatory, Insulin-Sensitizing Agent for Treatment of Cognitive Decline Due to Degenerative Dementias), which is not on this map. Cited by 33 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
33citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
4.2field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05227820 phase2completednot on this mapstarted 2022, after this paper: background citation

Anti-Inflammatory, Insulin-Sensitizing Agent for Treatment of Cognitive Decline Due to Degenerative Dementias

TypeinterventionalSponsorNeurological Associates of West Los AngelesRan2022 to 2022Enrolled23ConditionsAlzheimer DiseaseArmsNE3107
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

33 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 57 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  10. Associations Between Diabetes Mellitus and Neurodegenerative Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Anna Rorbach-DolataDepartment of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Diagnostics, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-552 Wroclaw, Poland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7509-6957
Agnieszka PiwowarDepartment of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Diagnostics, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-552 Wroclaw, Poland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6971-3883
Wroclaw Medical University · PL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The most recent evidence supports the existence of a link between type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and Alzheimer's Disease (AD), described by the new term: type 3 diabetes (T3D). The increasing incidence of T2DM in the 21st century and accompanying reports on the higher risk of AD in diabetic patients prompts the search for pathways linking glycemia disturbances and neurodegeneration. It is suggested that hyperglycemia may lead to glutamate-induced excitotoxicity, a pathological process resulting from excessive depolarization of membrane and uncontrolled calcium ion influx into neuronal cells. On the other hand, it has been confirmed that peripheral insulin resistance triggers insulin resistance in the brain, which may consequently contribute to AD by amyloid beta accumulation, tau phosphorylation, oxidative stress, advanced glycation end products, and apoptosis. Some literature sources suggest significant amylin involvement in additional amyloid formation in the central nervous system, especially under hyperamylinemic conditions. It is particularly important to provide early diagnostics in people with metabolic disturbances, especially including fasting insulin and HOMA-IR, which are necessary to reveal insulin resistance. The present review reveals the most recent and important evidence associated with the phenomenon of T3D and discusses the potential lacks of prevention and diagnostics for diabetes which might result in neurometabolic disorders, from a pharmacotherapy perspective.

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseDiabetes MellitusInsulin ResistanceAmyloid beta-PeptidesBrainHumansIncidenceInsulinAmyloid beta-PeptidesInsulin

Identifiers

PMID31428627
PMCPMC6679855
OpenAlexW2963176908

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.