Trial reportMolecular psychiatry2019
Attenuation of antidepressant and antisuicidal effects of ketamine by opioid receptor antagonism.
Trial report in Molecular psychiatry, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 75 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
75 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 171 citations in OpenAlex.
- Is the antidepressant efficacy of ketamine and esketamine mediated via opioid mechanisms?European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2026Pooled it
- Efficacy of racemic ketamine or esketamine monotherapy for reducing suicidal ideation in uni- or bipolar depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2025Pooled it
- Ketamine for Bipolar Depression: A Systematic Review.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2021Pooled it
- Effect of naltrexone pretreatment on ketamine-induced glutamatergic activity and symptoms of depression: a randomized crossover study.Nature medicine · 2025Trial
- Magnetic Seizure Therapy for Suicidality in Treatment-Resistant Depression.JAMA network open · 2020Trial
- Opioid Receptor μ-1 and Ketamine Effects in a Suicidal Depression Trial: A Post Hoc Exploration.Journal of clinical psychopharmacologyTrial
- Structural basis of opioid receptor activation by PCP and ketamine.Nature structural & molecular biology · 2026Article
- A crucial cautionary note on frequently incorrect dose equivalence between ketamine and esketamine.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Drug-induced changes in connectivity to midbrain dopamine cells revealed by rabies monosynaptic tracing.eLife · 2026Article
- Mechanism-guided identification of antidepressant G protein-coupled receptor drug targets.Cell · 2026Article
- Esketamine/Ketamine: Dual-Action Mechanisms and Clinical Prospects beyond Anesthesia in Psychiatry, Immunology, and Oncology.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Antidepressants and the endogenous opioid system.Biochemical pharmacology · 2025Review
- Ketamine-induced static and dynamic functional connectivity changes are modulated by opioid receptors and biological sex in rats.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2025Article
- The therapeutic potential of psilocybin beyond psychedelia through shared mechanisms with ketamine.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Review
- The Role of Psychedelics in the Treatment of Substance Use Disorders: An Overview of Systematic Reviews.Brain sciences · 2025Review
- Development and Validation of a Rapid LC-MS/MS Method for Plasma Analysis of Ketamine, Norketamine, Dehydronorketamine, and Hydroxynorketamine.Biomedical chromatography : BMC · 2025Article
- Esketamine in depression: putative biomarkers from clinical research.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2025Review
- The dopaminergic effects of esketamine are mediated by a dual mechanism involving glutamate and opioid receptors.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Article
- Safety considerations and risk mitigation strategies for ketamine use: a comprehensive review.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2025Review
- Let's Move Towards Precision Suicidology.Current psychiatry reports · 2025Review
15 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
We recently reported that naltrexone blocks antidepressant effects of ketamine in humans, indicating that antidepressant effects of ketamine require opioid receptor activation. However, it is unknown if opioid receptors are also involved in ketamine's antisuicidality effects. Here, in a secondary analysis of our recent clinical trial, we test whether naltrexone attenuates antisuicidality effects of ketamine. Participants were pretreated with naltrexone or placebo prior to intravenous ketamine in a double-blinded crossover design. Suicidality was measured with the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale item 3, Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale item 10, and Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale. In the 12 participants who completed naltrexone and placebo conditions, naltrexone attenuated the antisuicidality effects of ketamine on all three suicidality scales/subscales (linear mixed model, fixed pretreatment effect, p < 0.01). Results indicate that opioid receptor activation plays a significant role in the antisuicidality effects of ketamine.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.