Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31518224›Full record

Trial reportCurrent Alzheimer research2019

A Pilot Study of Exenatide Actions in Alzheimer's Disease.

Roger J Mullins, Maja Mustapic, Chee W Chia, Olga Carlson, Seema Gulyani, Joyce Tran, Yazhou Li, Mark P Mattson, Susan Resnick, Josephine M Egan and 2 more

Open access · greenAbstract readClinical Trial, Phase IIRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Current Alzheimer research, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 94 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
94citing papers in PubMed, 10 pooled it
8.1field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

94 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 138 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  3. The effect of GLP-1 receptor agonists on cognition in nondiabetic patients with mild cognitive impairment or alzheimer's disease: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026
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  12. Effects of the SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin in early Alzheimer's disease: A randomized controlled trial.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025
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34 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Roger J MullinsLaboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging/National Institutes of Health (NIA/NIH), 3001 S. Hanover St, NM531, Baltimore, MD, 21225, United States.
Maja MustapicLaboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging/National Institutes of Health (NIA/NIH), 3001 S. Hanover St, NM531, Baltimore, MD, 21225, United States.
Chee W ChiaLaboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging/National Institutes of Health (NIA/NIH), 3001 S. Hanover St, NM531, Baltimore, MD, 21225, United States.
Olga CarlsonLaboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging/National Institutes of Health (NIA/NIH), 3001 S. Hanover St, NM531, Baltimore, MD, 21225, United States.
Seema GulyaniLaboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging/National Institutes of Health (NIA/NIH), 3001 S. Hanover St, NM531, Baltimore, MD, 21225, United States.
Joyce TranLaboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging/National Institutes of Health (NIA/NIH), 3001 S. Hanover St, NM531, Baltimore, MD, 21225, United States.
Yazhou LiTranslational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging/National Institutes of Health (NIA/NIH), 3001 S. Hanover St, NM531, Baltimore, MD, 21225, United States.
Mark P MattsonLaboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging/National Institutes of Health (NIA/NIH), 3001 S. Hanover St, NM531, Baltimore, MD, 21225, United States.
Susan ResnickLaboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging/National Institutes of Health (NIA/NIH), 3001 S. Hanover St, NM531, Baltimore, MD, 21225, United States.
Josephine M EganLaboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging/National Institutes of Health (NIA/NIH), 3001 S. Hanover St, NM531, Baltimore, MD, 21225, United States.
Nigel H GreigTranslational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging/National Institutes of Health (NIA/NIH), 3001 S. Hanover St, NM531, Baltimore, MD, 21225, United States.
Dimitrios KapogiannisLaboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging/National Institutes of Health (NIA/NIH), 3001 S. Hanover St, NM531, Baltimore, MD, 21225, United States.
National Institute on Aging · USNational Institutes of Health · US

Funding

Research Education ComponentP30AG066507 · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · 2025 to 2025
$4.5M
ALZHEIMERS RESEARCH PROJECT / CLINICAL PROJECT: Mechanistic and clinical studies in Alzheimer's disease and related disordersZIAAG000975 · NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING · 2025 to 2025
$1.1M
Study of brain arachidonic acid metabolism knockout miceZ01AG000423 · AGING · 2004 to 2005
–
Intramural NIH HHS Z01 AG000423Intramural NIH HHS Z99 AG999999Intramural NIH HHS ZIA AG000975NIA NIH HHS P30 AG066507
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundStrong preclinical evidence suggests that exenatide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP- 1) receptor agonist used for treating type 2 diabetes, is neuroprotective and disease-modifying in Alzheimer's Disease (AD).

objectiveWe performed an 18-month double-blind randomized placebo-controlled Phase II clinical trial to assess the safety and tolerability of exenatide and explore treatment responses for clinical, cognitive, and biomarker outcomes in early AD.

methodEighteen participants with high probability AD based on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers completed the entire study prior to its early termination by the sponsor; partial outcomes were available for twentyone.

resultsExenatide was safe and well-tolerated, showing an expectedly higher incidence of nausea and decreased appetite compared to placebo and decreasing glucose and GLP-1 during Oral Glucose Tolerance Tests. Exenatide treatment produced no differences or trends compared to placebo for clinical and cognitive measures, MRI cortical thickness and volume, or biomarkers in CSF, plasma, and plasma neuronal extracellular vesicles (EV) except for a reduction of Aβ42 in EVs.

conclusionThe positive finding of lower EV Aβ42 supports emerging evidence that plasma neuronal EVs provide an effective platform for demonstrating biomarker responses in clinical trials in AD. The study was underpowered due to early termination and therefore we cannot draw any firm conclusions. However, the analysis of secondary outcomes shows no trends in support of the hypothesis that exenatide is diseasemodifying in clinical AD, and lowering EV Aβ42 in and of itself may not improve cognitive outcomes in AD.

Indexed as

AgedAlzheimer DiseaseBiomarkersBrainCognitive DysfunctionDouble-Blind MethodExenatideFemaleGlucagon-Like Peptide 1HumansMaleNeuroprotective AgentsNeuropsychological TestsPilot ProjectsBiomarkersExenatideGlucagon-Like Peptide 1Neuroprotective AgentsAlzheimer's diseasediabetesexenatideGLP-1 agonistmemoryplacebo.

Identifiers

PMID31518224
PMCPMC7476877
OpenAlexW2972655539

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.