ReviewJournal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)2019
Time-efficient physical training for enhancing cardiovascular function in midlife and older adults: promise and current research gaps.
Review in Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Feasibility Study to Increase Resilience Through an At-home Virtual Exercise Training (Res-ET) Intervention Using Inspiratory Muscle Strength Training (IMST)
The Efficacy of Inspiratory Muscle Strength Training on Coronary Blood Flow in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Time-efficient, high-resistance inspiratory muscle strength training increases cerebrovascular reactivity in midlife and older adults.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2023Trial
- A multi-trial, retrospective analysis of the antihypertensive effects of high-resistance, low-volume inspiratory muscle strength training.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2022Trial
- Group-Based and Individually Delivered LiFE: Content Evaluation and Predictors of Training Response - A Dose-Response Analysis.Clinical interventions in aging · 2022Trial
- Time-Efficient Inspiratory Muscle Strength Training Lowers Blood Pressure and Improves Endothelial Function, NO Bioavailability, and Oxidative Stress in Midlife/Older Adults With Above-Normal Blood Pressure.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2021Trial
- Inspiratory muscle strength training lowers blood pressure and sympathetic activity in older adults with OSA: a randomized controlled pilot trial.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2020Trial
- Effect of a 6-Week Structured Exercise Intervention on TNF-α During the Chronic Recovery Phase of a Burn Injury Compared to Regular Daily Activities: A Pilot Randomised Cross-Over Trial.European burn journal · 2026Article
- Exercise to Mitigate Premature Vascular Aging After Doxorubicin Breast Cancer Therapy.Exercise and sport sciences reviews · 2025Review
- Aerobic capacity and cardiopulmonary variables are not different between premenopausal, late premenopausal, perimenopausal, and postmenopausal women.Physiological reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Article
- Aging, aerobic exercise, and cardiovascular health: Barriers, alternative strategies and future directions.Experimental gerontology · 2023Review
- Effects of inspiratory muscle training in patients with hypertension: a meta-analysis.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2023Review
- Enhancing performance: unveiling the physiological impact of submaximal and supramaximal tests on mixed martial arts athletes in the -61 kg and -66 kg weight divisions.Frontiers in physiology · 2023Article
- Article
- Translational Potential of High-Resistance Inspiratory Muscle Strength Training.Exercise and sport sciences reviews · 2022Article
- Promoting healthy cardiovascular aging: emerging topics.The journal of cardiovascular aging · 2022Article
- Inspiratory muscle strength training for lowering blood pressure and improving endothelial function in postmenopausal women: comparison with "standard of care" aerobic exercise.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Article
- Effects of different exercise interventions on heart rate variability and cardiovascular health factors in older adults: a systematic review.European review of aging and physical activity : official journal of the European Group for Research into Elderly and Physical Activity · 2021Review
- Time-efficient, high-resistance inspiratory muscle strength training for cardiovascular aging.Experimental gerontology · 2021Review
- Effects of Different Exercise Interventions on Cardiac Autonomic Control and Secondary Health Factors in Middle-Aged Adults: A Systematic Review.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remain the leading cause of death in developed societies, and "midlife" (50-64 yr) and older (65+) men and women bear the great majority of the burden of CVD. Much of the increased risk of CVD in this population is attributable to CV dysfunction, including adverse changes in the structure and function of the heart, increased systolic blood pressure, and arterial dysfunction. The latter is characterized by increased arterial stiffness and vascular endothelial dysfunction. Conventional aerobic exercise training, as generally recommended in public health guidelines, is an effective strategy to preserve or improve CV function with aging. However, <40% of midlife and older adults meet aerobic exercise guidelines, due in part to time availability-related barriers. As such, there is a need to develop evidence-based time-efficient exercise interventions that promote adherence and optimize CV function in these groups. Two promising interventions that may meet these criteria are interval training and inspiratory muscle strength training (IMST). Limited research suggests these modes of training may improve CV function with time commitments of ≤60 min/wk. This review will summarize the current evidence for interval training and IMST to improve CV function in midlife/older adults and identify key research gaps and future directions.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.