ReviewInternational urology and nephrology2019
The gut microbiota and its relationship with chronic kidney disease.
Review in International urology and nephrology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
53 citing papers in PubMed, 100 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Symbiotic Meal Containing Extruded Sorghum and Probiotic (Nutrients · 2024Trial
- Can curcumin supplementation reduce plasma levels of gut-derived uremic toxins in hemodialysis patients? A pilot randomized, double-blind, controlled study.International urology and nephrology · 2021Trial
- Microbiome alterations and their potential impact on infection risk in chronic kidney disease and end-stage kidney disease: a narrative review.International urology and nephrology · 2026Review
- An integrated multi-omics approach for deciphering podophyllotoxin-induced nephrotoxicity via the microbiome-gut-kidney (MGK) axis based on the toxicological evidence (TEC) concept.Journal of molecular histology · 2026Article
- Microbiota-driven mechanisms in multisystem diseases: integrative evidence across cardiovascular, metabolic, neurological and autoimmune disorders.Antonie van Leeuwenhoek · 2026Review
- Exploring the Link Between Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Chronic Kidney Disease: A Nationwide Database Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Gut-Kidney Axis: Unraveling the Role of the Microbiome in Chronic Kidney Disease.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Review
- Gut Dysbiosis and Probiotic Therapy in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Comprehensive Review.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2025Review
- The mechanism of enterogenous toxin methylmalonic acid aggravating calcium-phosphorus metabolic disorder in uremic rats by regulating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025Article
- Biomimetic wrinkled prebiotic microspheres with enhanced intestinal retention for hyperphosphatemia and vascular calcification.Science advances · 2025Article
- Gut microbiota-derived SCFAs and MetS-related nephropathy.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Review
- Advances in kidney disease: pathogenesis and therapeutic targets.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
- Structure and regulatory mechanisms of food-derived peptides in inflammatory bowel disease: A review.Food science & nutrition · 2024Review
- Integrated oral microgel system ameliorates renal fibrosis by hitchhiking co-delivery and targeted gut flora modulation.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2024Article
- Characterization of gut microbiota in patients with stage 3-4 chronic kidney disease: a retrospective cohort study.International urology and nephrology · 2024Article
- Natural intestinal metabolite xylitol reduces BRD4 levels to mitigate renal fibrosis.Clinical and translational science · 2024Article
- The Role of Probiotics in the Prevention ofNutrients · 2024Review
- Hesperidin alleviates zinc-induced nephrotoxicity via the gut-kidney axis in swine.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Article
- Natural products for Gut-X axis: pharmacology, toxicology and microbiology in mycotoxin-caused diseases.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a worldwide health problem, because it is one of the most common complications of metabolic diseases including obesity and type 2 diabetes. Patients with CKD also develop other comorbidities, such as hypertension, hyperlipidemias, liver and cardiovascular diseases, gastrointestinal problems, and cognitive deterioration, which worsens their health. Therapy includes reducing comorbidities or using replacement therapy, such as peritoneal dialysis, hemodialysis, and organ transplant. Health care systems are searching for alternative treatments for CKD patients to mitigate or retard their progression. One new topic is the study of uremic toxins (UT), which are excessively produced during CKD as products of food metabolism or as a result of the loss of renal function that have a negative impact on the kidneys and other organs. High urea concentrations significantly modify the microbiota in the gut also, cause a decrease in bacterial strains that produce anti-inflammatory and fuel molecules and an increase in bacterial strains that can metabolize urea, but also produce UT, including indoxyl sulfate and p-cresol sulfate. UT activates several cellular processes that induce oxidative environments, inflammation, proliferation, fibrosis development, and apoptosis; these processes mainly occur in the gut, heart, and kidney. The study of the microbiota during CKD allowed for the implementation of therapy schemes to try to reduce the circulating concentrations of UT and reduce the damage. The objective of this review is to show an overview to know the main UT produced in end-stage renal disease patients, and how prebiotics and probiotics intervention acts as a helpful tool in CKD treatment.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.