ArticleMolecular carcinogenesis2020
Syntaxin 6-mediated exosome secretion regulates enzalutamide resistance in prostate cancer.
Article in Molecular carcinogenesis, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 68 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exosomes in diabetic kidney disease: pathogenesis, biomarker discovery, and emerging therapeutics-a comprehensive systematic review.Renal failure · 2026Pooled it
- miR-142-3p in cancer: intracellular tumor suppression and extracellular vesicle- mediated microenvironmental signaling.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- The role of extracellular vesicles-associated proteins markers in prostate cancer: a review.Discover oncology · 2026Review
- Extracellular vesicles as mediators of prostatic diseases: connecting function to diagnostic and therapeutic applications.Extracellular vesicles and circulating nucleic acids · 2026Review
- Intracellular trafficking SNARE protein, syntaxin-6, modifies prion cellular phenotypes and risk of disease development in vivo.Acta neuropathologica · 2025Article
- Exosome-Mediated Communication in Thyroid Cancer: Implications for Prognosis and Therapeutic Targets.Biochemical genetics · 2025Article
- Small extracellular vesicles: crucial mediators for prostate cancer.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Review
- Extracellular vesicles in cancer´s communication: messages we can read and how to answer.Molecular cancer · 2025Review
- Extracellular Vesicles as Mediators and Potential Targets in Combating Cancer Drug Resistance.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Role of exosomes in castration-resistant prostate cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Review
- The interplay between the tumor microenvironment and tumor-derived small extracellular vesicles in cancer development and therapeutic response.Cancer biology & therapy · 2024Review
- SYT4 binds to SNAP25 to facilitate exosomal secretion and prostate cancer enzalutamide resistance.Cancer science · 2024Article
- Syntaxin6 contributes to hepatocellular carcinoma tumorigenesis via enhancing STAT3 phosphorylation.Cancer cell international · 2024Article
- Tumorigenic and tumoricidal properties of exosomes in cancers; a forward look.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2024Review
- Article
- Prostate cancer-derived small extracellular vesicle proteins: the hope in diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutics.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2023Review
- VAMP5 and distinct sets of cognate Q-SNAREs mediate exosome release.Cell structure and function · 2023Article
- The biogenesis and secretion of exosomes and multivesicular bodies (MVBs): Intercellular shuttles and implications in human diseases.Genes & diseases · 2023Review
- siRNA screening reveals that SNAP29 contributes to exosome release.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2023Article
- Syntaxin 6 Enhances the Progression of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer by Promoting Cancer Cell Proliferation.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) deaths are typically the result of metastatic castration-resistant PCa (mCRPC). Recently, enzalutamide (Enz), an oral androgen receptor inhibitor, was approved for treating patients with mCRPC. Invariably, all PCa patients eventually develop resistance against Enz. Therefore, novel strategies aimed at overcoming Enz resistance are needed to improve the survival of PCa patients. The role of exosomes in drug resistance has not been fully elucidated in PCa. Therefore, we set out to better understand the exosome's role in the mechanism underlying Enz-resistant PCa. Results showed that Enz-resistant PCa cells (C4-2B, CWR-R1, and LNCaP) secreted significantly higher amounts of exosomes (2-4 folds) compared to Enz-sensitive counterparts. Inhibition of exosome biogenesis in resistant cells by GW4869 and dimethyl amiloride strongly decreased their cell viability. Mechanistic studies revealed upregulation of syntaxin 6 as well as its increased colocalization with CD63 in Enz-resistant PCa cells compared to Enz-sensitive cells. Syntaxin 6 knockdown by specific small interfering RNAs in Enz-resistant PCa cells (C4-2B and CWR-R1) resulted in reduced cell number and increased cell death in the presence of Enz. Furthermore, syntaxin 6 knockdown significantly reduced the exosome secretion in both Enz-resistant C4-2B and CWR-R1 cells. The Cancer Genome Atlas analysis showed increased syntaxin 6 expressions associated with higher Gleason score and decreased progression-free survival in PCa patients. Importantly, IHC analysis showed higher syntaxin 6 expression in cancer tissues from Enz-treated patients compared to Enz naïve patients. Overall, syntaxin 6 plays an important role in the secretion of exosomes and increased survival of Enz-resistant PCa cells.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.