ReviewCells2019
TGF-β in Hepatic Stellate Cell Activation and Liver Fibrogenesis-Updated 2019.
Review in Cells, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 490 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
490 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 752 citations in OpenAlex.
- Role of Vitamin D Supplementation in Chronic Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Nutrition reviews · 2025Pooled it
- [Meta-analysis of the efficacy of the Fuzheng Huayu formula in the treatment of hepatitis B-associated liver fibrosis or cirrhosis].Zhonghua gan zang bing za zhi = Zhonghua ganzangbing zazhi = Chinese journal of hepatology · 2024Pooled it
- A randomized clinical study to evaluate the possible antifibrotic effect of zinc sulfate in chronic HCV patient receiving direct-acting anti-viral therapy.Inflammopharmacology · 2025Trial
- Liver fibrosis: Pathogenesis and innovative nanoparticle-based therapeutic strategies.International journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2026Review
- Network Pharmacology-Based Prediction and In Vivo Validation of Fumonisin B1-Induced Liver Injury and Early Fibrosis.Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology · 2026Article
- E3 Ubiquitin Ligases in MASH-Associated Liver Fibrosis: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2026Review
- Engineered Nanoplatforms Targeting Activated Hepatic Stellate Cells for Liver Fibrosis Therapy via TGF-β Axis Inhibition and Ferroptosis Induction.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- PLGA-loaded puerarin attenuates arsenic-induced liver injury through modulation of ferroptosis, oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptotic signaling.BMC pharmacology & toxicology · 2026Article
- Kaiso Is a Novel TAZ-Interaction Partner That Promotes Hepatic Stellate Cell Activation and Regulates the Downstream lncRNA HIF1A-AS3.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Hepatic control of immunometabolism: implications for the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of rheumatic diseases.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2026Review
- [Alcohol liver disease: immunoregulatory mechanisms and precision therapeutic targets].Zhonghua gan zang bing za zhi = Zhonghua ganzangbing zazhi = Chinese journal of hepatology · 2026Review
- Article
- Article
- Molecular Pathophysiology of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: From Metabolic Inflammation to Therapeutic Targets.Cancers · 2026Review
- GDF15 in Liver Fibrosis: Molecular Mechanisms, Immunoregulatory Functions, and Therapeutic Potential.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Palmitic Acid-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Adult Zebrafish: Molecular Mechanisms and Advances in Intervention.Biology · 2026Review
- Reprogramming macrophages to treat liver diseases.Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) · 2026Review
- TUFT1 stabilizes TGF-β receptor II protein and facilitates activation of hepatic stellate cells into metastasis-promoting myofibroblasts.Cell death and differentiation · 2026Article
- Ginsenosides: potential therapeutic agents against hepatic fibrosis.Journal of ginseng research · 2026Review
- Cell therapy comparison of dental pulp stem cells, hepatocytes, and their exosomes for liver fibrosis treatment in rats.Animal models and experimental medicine · 2026Article
430 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is an advanced liver disease condition, which could progress to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. To date, there is no direct approved antifibrotic therapy, and current treatment is mainly the removal of the causative factor. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β is a master profibrogenic cytokine and a promising target to treat fibrosis. However, TGF-β has broad biological functions and its inhibition induces non-desirable side effects, which override therapeutic benefits. Therefore, understanding the pleiotropic effects of TGF-β and its upstream and downstream regulatory mechanisms will help to design better TGF-β based therapeutics. Here, we summarize recent discoveries and milestones on the TGF-β signaling pathway related to liver fibrosis and hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation, emphasizing research of the last five years. This comprises impact of TGF-β on liver fibrogenesis related biological processes, such as senescence, metabolism, reactive oxygen species generation, epigenetics, circadian rhythm, epithelial mesenchymal transition, and endothelial-mesenchymal transition. We also describe the influence of the microenvironment on the response of HSC to TGF-β. Finally, we discuss new approaches to target the TGF-β pathway, name current clinical trials, and explain promises and drawbacks that deserve to be adequately addressed.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.