ReviewCurrent HIV/AIDS reports2019
Growth and Neurodevelopment of HIV-Exposed Uninfected Children: a Conceptual Framework.
Review in Current HIV/AIDS reports, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 90 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) of Two Programs Supporting Early Infant Development Beginning in the Well Baby Nursery Through 4 Months of Age
Building Opportunities for Nurturing Care to Enhance Development in Eastern and Southern Africa
Who cites it
90 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 137 citations in OpenAlex.
- Co-trimoxazole prophylaxis for children who are HIV-exposed and uninfected: a systematic review.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2023Pooled it
- HIV-Exposed Uninfected Children: A Systematic Review on Psychological Well-Being and Association with School Performances in Africa.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Pooled it
- Early neurodevelopment of HIV-exposed uninfected children in the era of antiretroviral therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The Lancet. Child & adolescent health · 2022Pooled it
- Brain Structure of South African Children Born to Mothers on Dolutegravir Versus Efavirenz-Based Antiretroviral Therapy.Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society · 2026Trial
- Growth, physical, and cognitive function in children who are born HIV-free: School-age follow-up of a cluster-randomised trial in rural Zimbabwe.PLoS medicine · 2024Trial
- Trial
- Baseline Fatty Acids and Time-Averaged Executive Function in Ugandan Children With Perinatal HIV.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2026Article
- Longitudinal comparison of bone, growth, and biochemical markers in breastfed HIV-exposed uninfected and HIV-unexposed Ugandan children.Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 2026Article
- Placenta models for HIV-1-ART-nicotine comorbidity research: advances and remaining challenges.Cell death discovery · 2026Review
- Hearing Assessment in HIV-Exposed-Uninfected Infants.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2026Article
- Lower working memory and processing speed among children and youth exposed to HIV.AIDS (London, England) · 2026Article
- Central auditory testing in young Tanzanian children: feasibility and relationship to cognition.International journal of audiology · 2026Article
- Article
- Autism outcomes and neurobehavioural markers in young children born to mothers with HIV in Kenya: a protocol for the Alama project.BMJ open · 2026Article
- Persistent neuroimmune alterations in children who are HIV-exposed but uninfected at age 6-7 years: Associations with language development in a South African birth cohort.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Brief Report: Is Gestational Exposure to HIV and Protease Inhibitors Associated With Timing of Pubertal Onset?Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2026Article
- Impact of maternal HIV infection on the gut microbiome and metabolome of mothers and infants: the PRACHITi cohort in Pune, India.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Systemic Inflammation and Growth in Children Born to Mothers With and Without HIV in Rural Zimbabwe.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Reduced bilateral auditory cortex activation during pure-tone perception in pediatric HIV.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Article
- Characterizing immune activation in HIV-exposed but uninfected infants in the first year of life.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Observational
30 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purpose of reviewThe population of HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) children is expanding rapidly, and over one million HEU infants are born each year globally. Several recent studies have reported that HEU children, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, are at risk of poor outcomes, including impaired growth and neurodevelopment. However, the reasons for poor clinical outcomes amongst HEU children remain unclear. RECENT
findingsWe summarise the findings from recent large studies that have characterised growth and neurodevelopment in HEU children, identified risk factors and explored underlying mechanistic pathways. We propose a conceptual framework to explain how exposure to HIV and antiretroviral therapy (ART) may lead to adverse growth and neurodevelopment in uninfected children, and review the available evidence and research gaps. We propose that HEU children are affected both indirectly, through the augmentation of universal risk factors underlying poor growth and neurodevelopment, and directly through HIV/ART-specific pathways, which ultimately may converge through a series of common pathogenic mechanisms. In the era of universal ART, a better understanding of these pathways is crucial to inform future prevention and intervention strategies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.