ArticleNature immunology2019
RNA-binding protein isoforms ZAP-S and ZAP-L have distinct antiviral and immune resolution functions.
Article in Nature immunology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 88 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
88 citing papers in PubMed, 126 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multisystem inflammation and susceptibility to viral infections in human ZNFX1 deficiency.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2021Trial
- Correlative Effects of PARP12 mRNA Knockdown on Pro-inflammatory Gene Expression and Alternative Splicing in BV2 Microglial Cells.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Article
- RNA-binding proteins and ribonucleoproteins as determinants of immunity.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- SPRY domains encode ubiquitin ligase specificity for ZAP and RIG-I.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- ZAP targets aberrant mRNA transcripts encoding proteins with defective signal peptides for degradation.The EMBO journal · 2026Article
- Lycorine Derivative Inhibits SARS-CoV-2 Replication by Reducing -1 Programmed Ribosomal Frameshifting via Targeting ZAP.MedComm · 2026Article
- West Nile virus vaccine candidates attenuated by dinucleotide enrichment are immunogenic and protective against lethal infection.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Mammalian antiviral proteins ZAP and KHNYN can independently restrict CpG-enriched avian viruses.PLoS biology · 2025Article
- Mammalian ZAP and KHNYN can independently restrict CpG-enriched avian viruses.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- HIV-2 evades restriction by ZAP through adaptations in the U3 LTR region despite increased CpG levels.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- Evolution of antiviral host defenses against a backdrop of endogenous retroelements.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2025Review
- PARP9-PARP13-PARP14 axis tunes colorectal cancer response to radiotherapy.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2025Article
- Host ZAP activity correlates with the levels of CpG suppression in primate lentiviruses.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Human long noncoding RNAJournal of virology · 2025Article
- Synthetic RIG-I-Agonist RNA Induces Death of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells.Journal of interferon & cytokine research : the official journal of the International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research · 2025Article
- Modulation of host gene expression by the zinc finger antiviral protein.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Interferon-induced ADP-ribosylation: technical developments driving ICAB discovery.Bioscience reports · 2025Review
- Zinc-finger PARP proteins ADP-ribosylate alphaviral proteins and are required for interferon-γ-mediated antiviral immunity.Science advances · 2025Article
- Regulation of stress granule maturation and dynamics by poly(ADP-ribose) interaction with PARP13.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Catch me if you can: viral nucleic acids to host sensors.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
28 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The initial response to viral infection is anticipatory, with host antiviral restriction factors and pathogen sensors constantly surveying the cell to rapidly mount an antiviral response through the synthesis and downstream activity of interferons. After pathogen clearance, the host's ability to resolve this antiviral response and return to homeostasis is critical. Here, we found that isoforms of the RNA-binding protein ZAP functioned as both a direct antiviral restriction factor and an interferon-resolution factor. The short isoform of ZAP bound to and mediated the degradation of several host interferon messenger RNAs, and thus acted as a negative feedback regulator of the interferon response. In contrast, the long isoform of ZAP had antiviral functions and did not regulate interferon. The two isoforms contained identical RNA-targeting domains, but differences in their intracellular localization modulated specificity for host versus viral RNA, which resulted in disparate effects on viral replication during the innate immune response.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.