ArticleInflammation2020
Walnut-Associated Fatty Acids Inhibit LPS-Induced Activation of BV-2 Microglia.
Article in Inflammation, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Argan Oil: A Natural Bioactive Lipid Modulating Oxidative Stress and Inflammation.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Transcriptomic profiling identifies ferroptosis and NF-κB signaling involved in α-dimorphecolic acid regulation of microglial inflammation.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- NEAT1 inhibits the angiogenic activity of cerebral arterial endothelial cells by inducing the M1 polarization of microglia through the AMPK signaling pathway.Cellular & molecular biology letters · 2024Article
- Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Protect Neurological Function After Traumatic Brain Injury by Suppressing Microglial Transformation to the Proinflammatory Phenotype and Activating Exosomal NGF/TrkA Signaling.Molecular neurobiology · 2023Article
- Walnut Kernel Oil and Defatted Extracts Enhance Mesenchymal Stem Cell Stemness and Delay Senescence.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Considerations for Optimizing Warfighter Psychological Health with a Research-Based Flavonoid Approach: A Review.Nutrients · 2023Review
- Review
- Article
- Walnut ointment promotes full-thickness burning wound healing: role of linoleic acid.Acta cirurgica brasileira · 2022Article
- Article
- Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption by Lipopolysaccharide and Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Walnuts have high levels of the omega-3 fatty acid alpha-linolenic acid (C18:3n-3, ALA) and the omega-6 fatty acid linoleic acid (C18:2n-6, LA). Previous research has demonstrated that pre-treatment of BV-2 microglia with walnut extract inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced activation of microglia. As an extension of that study, the effects of walnut-associated fatty acids on BV-2 microglia were assessed. BV-2 murine microglia cells were treated with LA, ALA, or a combination of LA+ALA prior to or after exposure to LPS. Nitric oxide (NO) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) were measured in cell-conditioned media. Cyclooxeganse-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression were assessed in BV-2 microglia. Both LA and ALA protected against LPS-induced increases in NO, iNOS, COX-2, and TNF-alpha when used before LPS exposure. When BV-2 microglia were treated with fatty acids after LPS, only COX-2 and TNF-alpha were significantly attenuated by the fatty acids. There was no synergism of LA+ALA, as the LA+ALA combination was no more effective than LA or ALA alone. Fatty acids, like those found in walnuts, may protect against production of cytotoxic intermediates and cell-signaling molecules from microglia and may prove beneficial for preventing age- or disease-related neurodegeneration.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.