Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31767182›Full record

ReviewMolecular metabolism2019

Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1).

T D Müller, B Finan, S R Bloom, D D'Alessio, D J Drucker, P R Flatt, A Fritsche, F Gribble, H J Grill, J F Habener and 15 more

3 registry-linked trialsOpen access · goldAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Molecular metabolism, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It reports registered trial NCT06894784. Cited by 945 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
945citing papers in PubMed, 10 pooled it
92.3field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06894784 phase3recruitingstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

Semaglutide And Empagliflozin Combination Therapy Added To Automated Insulin Delivery In Adults With Type 1 Diabetes (SEMPA)

Ran2025Enrolled36Registered outcomes13Posted comparisons0ConditionsDiabetes Type 1ArmsIntervention Period 1: Semaglutide + Empagliflozin, Intervention Period 2: Semaglutide + Empagliflozin Placebo, Intervention Period 3: Semaglutide Placebo + Empagliflozin, Intervention Period 4: Semaglutide Placebo + Empagliflozin Placebo
PMID 20616619PMID 36942888PMID 31539622PMID 29246950PMID 27295427PMID 28854085PMID 25388240PMID 24947583PMID 27633186PMID 30833170PMID 29397376PMID 10233049other papers from this trial
Open the trial in the graph
NCT07465926 completed

Associations of Early Add-On GLP-1 Receptor Agonist and SGLT2 Inhibitor Therapy With Mortality and Kidney Outcomes in Adults With Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Across Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Stages 2-3: A Target-Trial Emulation

Ran2017Enrolled451,036Registered outcomes12Posted comparisons0ConditionsCardiovascular Disease Risk Factor, Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic Syndrome, Kidney Disease, Obesity & OverweightArmsGLP-1 receptor agonist, SGLT2 inhibitor
PMID 32114848PMID 38785209PMID 40281304PMID 27295427PMID 39342059PMID 39556396PMID 39588897PMID 39651970PMID 39651975PMID 39961105PMID 39992643PMID 40014670other papers from this trial
Open the trial in the graph
NCT07240246 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

Effect of a Dietary Supplement (FitLine TopShape) on the Incretin Response

TypeinterventionalSponsorFFoQSI - Austrian Competence Centre for Feed and Food Quality, Safety & InnovationRan2025 to 2026Enrolled40ConditionsGLP-1, Obesity &Amp, Overweight, Dietary SupplementArmsIntervention: Dietary Supplement with Plant Extracts, Placebo
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

945 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1,649 citations in OpenAlex.

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  13. Peptide-functionalized nanoemulsions with exendin-4 as a model ligand.International journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2026
    Article
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  20. Improving incretin-mediated body weight loss via energy expenditure.Trends in endocrinology and metabolism: TEM · 2026
    Review

885 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

25 authors at 19 institutions in 6 countries.

T D MüllerInstitute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany; Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapy, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Eberhard Karls University Hospitals and Clinics, Tübingen, Germany. Electronic address: timo.mueller@helmholtz-muenchen.de.
B FinanNovo Nordisk Research Center Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
S R BloomDivision of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Imperial College London, London, UK.
D D'AlessioDivision of Endocrinology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
D J DruckerThe Department of Medicine, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mt. Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Ontario, M5G1X5, Canada.
P R FlattSAAD Centre for Pharmacy & Diabetes, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK.
A FritscheGerman Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany; Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Vascular Disease, Nephrology and Clinical Chemistry, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
F GribbleMetabolic Research Laboratories and Medical Research Council Metabolic Diseases Unit, Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.
H J GrillInstitute of Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
J F HabenerLaboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
J J HolstNovo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
W LanghansPhysiology and Behavior Laboratory, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland.
J J MeierDiabetes Division, St Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
M A NauckDiabetes Center Bochum-Hattingen, St Josef Hospital (Ruhr-Universität Bochum), Bochum, Germany.
D Perez-TilveDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati-College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
A PocaiCardiovascular & ImmunoMetabolism, Janssen Research & Development, Welsh and McKean Roads, Spring House, PA, 19477, USA.
F ReimannMetabolic Research Laboratories and Medical Research Council Metabolic Diseases Unit, Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.
D A SandovalDepartment of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
T W SchwartzNovo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, DL-2200, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200, Copenhagen, Denmark.
R J SeeleyDepartment of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
K StemmerInstitute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.
M Tang-ChristensenObesity Research, Global Drug Discovery, Novo Nordisk A/S, Måløv, Denmark.
S C WoodsDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
R D DiMarchiNovo Nordisk Research Center Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA.
M H TschöpGerman Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany; Division of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medicine, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany.
Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf · DEMedical Research Council · GBNovo Nordisk Foundation · DKSt. Josef-Hospital · DEUniversity of Michigan · USDeutsches Diabetes-Zentrum e.V. · DEDuke University Hospital · USETH Zurich · CHHarvard University · USImperial College London · GBIndiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis · USJanssen (United States) · USLunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute · CANovo Nordisk (Denmark) · DKNovo Nordisk (United States) · USUniversity of Cincinnati · USUniversity of Cincinnati Medical Center · USUniversity of Pennsylvania · USUniversity of Ulster · GB

Funding

Pilot and Feasibility ProgramP30DK020572 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · 2022 to 2025
$4.9M
NEURAL HIERARCHY IN THE MODULATION OF INGESTIVE BEHAVIORR01DK021397 · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · 1986 to 2005
$2.7M
Medical Research Council MC_UU_00014/3Medical Research Council MC_UU_00014/5Medical Research Council MC_UU_12012/3Medical Research Council MR/K02115X/1NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK020572NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK021397
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a multifaceted hormone with broad pharmacological potential. Among the numerous metabolic effects of GLP-1 are the glucose-dependent stimulation of insulin secretion, decrease of gastric emptying, inhibition of food intake, increase of natriuresis and diuresis, and modulation of rodent β-cell proliferation. GLP-1 also has cardio- and neuroprotective effects, decreases inflammation and apoptosis, and has implications for learning and memory, reward behavior, and palatability. Biochemically modified for enhanced potency and sustained action, GLP-1 receptor agonists are successfully in clinical use for the treatment of type-2 diabetes, and several GLP-1-based pharmacotherapies are in clinical evaluation for the treatment of obesity. SCOPE OF REVIEW: In this review, we provide a detailed overview on the multifaceted nature of GLP-1 and its pharmacology and discuss its therapeutic implications on various diseases. MAJOR

conclusionsSince its discovery, GLP-1 has emerged as a pleiotropic hormone with a myriad of metabolic functions that go well beyond its classical identification as an incretin hormone. The numerous beneficial effects of GLP-1 render this hormone an interesting candidate for the development of pharmacotherapies to treat obesity, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders.

Indexed as

Blood GlucoseDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Gastric Inhibitory PolypeptideGlucagon-Like Peptide 1Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 ReceptorGlucoseHumansHypoglycemic AgentsInsulinInsulin-Secreting CellsInsulin SecretionObesityReceptors, GlucagonBlood GlucoseGastric Inhibitory PolypeptideGlucagon-Like Peptide 1Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 ReceptorGlucoseHypoglycemic AgentsInsulinReceptors, GlucagonDiabetesGLP-1GlucagonIncretinInsulinObesity

Identifiers

PMID31767182
PMCPMC6812410
OpenAlexW2978840913

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.