ArticleJournal of neuroinflammation2019
The glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist reduces inflammation and blood-brain barrier breakdown in an astrocyte-dependent manner in experimental stroke.
Article in Journal of neuroinflammation, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 105 papers.
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Who cites it
105 citing papers in PubMed, 179 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of 6-months of SSRI use on DNA-methylation and gene expression in blood.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2026Trial
- Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist in large vessel occlusion treated by reperfusion therapy-a phase 2 randomized trial.Nature communications · 2025Trial
- Remote ischemic post-conditioning for neonatal encephalopathy: a safety and feasibility trial.Pediatric research · 2025Trial
- Metabolic reprogramming in diabetic panvascular disease: Molecular mechanism and therapeutic strategies.iScience · 2026Review
- The Pleiotropic Therapeutic Perspectives of GLP-1 and GIP Receptor Agonists in Spinal Cord Injury: A Narrative Review.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Exendin-4 protects brain endothelial cell damage against hyperammonemic condition.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2026Article
- Mesenchymal stromal cells and neuroinflammation: a multimodal approach to neuroprotection and future therapeutic horizons.Translational neurodegeneration · 2026Review
- Glucagon-like Peptide-1 and Dual GIP/GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in Brain: Exploring the Expanding Role and Safety in Neuropsychiatry.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Bio-inspired spatiotemporal cascade reaction liposome for ferroptosis treatment following subarachnoid hemorrhage.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- miR-495-3p attenuates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion-induced neuronal inflammation and apoptosis by targeting CCL2 expression.In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Animal · 2026Article
- Integrating GLP-1 Receptor Agonists into Modern Stroke Prevention: Evidence, Mechanisms, and Clinical Consideration-A Narrative Review.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- From Cerebrovascular Injury to Brain Cancer: The Role of Blood-Brain Barrier Dysfunction.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Mechanisms of interaction between type 2 diabetes and psychological disorders and therapeutic interventions: a narrative review.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Repurposing glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.Nature aging · 2026Review
- Glucagon-like peptide-1 medicines in neurological and psychiatric disorders.Cell reports. Medicine · 2025Review
- Antidiabetic Agents as Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Therapies in Neurological and Cardiovascular Diseases.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Krüppel-Like Factors Modulate Susceptibility To Neuropsychiatric Disorders.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Constructed transferrin receptor-targeted liposome for the delivery of fluvoxamine to improve prognosis in a traumatic brain injury mouse model.Drug delivery · 2025Article
- Central neuropeptides as key modulators of astrocyte function in neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders.Psychopharmacology · 2025Review
- Inflammation in Neuronal Intranuclear Inclusion Disease (NIID): mechanisms, biomarkers, and therapeutic implications.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Review
45 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPreserving the integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is beneficial to avoid further brain damage after acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Astrocytes, an important component of the BBB, promote BBB breakdown in subjects with AIS by secreting inflammatory factors. The glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonist exendin-4 (Ex-4) protects the BBB and reduces brain inflammation from cerebral ischemia, and GLP-1R is expressed on astrocytes. However, the effect of Ex-4 on astrocytes in subjects with AIS remains unclear.
methodsIn the present study, we investigated the effect of Ex-4 on astrocytes cultured under oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) plus reoxygenation conditions and determined whether the effect influences bEnd.3 cells. We used various methods, including permeability assays, western blotting, immunofluorescence staining, and gelatin zymography, in vitro and in vivo.
resultsEx-4 reduced OGD-induced astrocyte-derived vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and chemokine C-X-C motif ligand 1 (CXCL-1). The reduction in astrocyte-derived VEGF-A and MMP-9 was related to the increased expression of tight junction proteins (TJPs) in bEnd.3 cells. Ex-4 improved neurologic deficit scores, reduced the infarct area, and ameliorated BBB breakdown as well as decreased astrocyte-derived VEGF-A, MMP-9, CXCL-1, and MCP-1 levels in ischemic brain tissues from rats subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion. Ex-4 reduced the activation of the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in astrocytes following OGD.
conclusionBased on these findings, ischemia-induced inflammation and BBB breakdown can be improved by Ex-4 through an astrocyte-dependent manner.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.