Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31802849›Full record

ReviewDrug design, development and therapy2019

Smart Targeting To Improve Cancer Therapeutics.

Moraima Morales-Cruz, Yamixa Delgado, Betzaida Castillo, Cindy M Figueroa, Anna M Molina, Anamaris Torres, Melissa Milián, Kai Griebenow

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Drug design, development and therapy, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
56citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

56 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Moraima Morales-Cruz *Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, San Juan, PR, USA.
Yamixa Delgado *Department of Biochemistry & Pharmacology, San Juan Bautista School of Medicine, Caguas, PR, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0686-7145
Betzaida CastilloDepartment of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Humacao Campus, Humacao, PR, USA.
Cindy M FigueroaDepartment of Math and Sciences, Polytechnic University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR, USA.
Anna M MolinaDepartment of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, San Juan, PR, USA.
Anamaris TorresDepartment of Biochemistry & Pharmacology, San Juan Bautista School of Medicine, Caguas, PR, USA.
Melissa MiliánDepartment of Biochemistry & Pharmacology, San Juan Bautista School of Medicine, Caguas, PR, USA.
Kai Griebenow *Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, San Juan, PR, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0495-9932

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cancer is the second largest cause of death worldwide with the number of new cancer cases predicted to grow significantly in the next decades. Biotechnology and medicine can and should work hand-in-hand to improve cancer diagnosis and treatment efficacy. However, success has been frequently limited, in particular when treating late-stage solid tumors. There still is the need to develop smart and synergistic therapeutic approaches to achieve the synthesis of strong and effective drugs and delivery systems. Much interest has been paid to the development of smart drug delivery systems (drug-loaded particles) that utilize passive targeting, active targeting, and/or stimulus responsiveness strategies. This review will summarize some main ideas about the effect of each strategy and how the combination of some or all of them has shown to be effective. After a brief introduction of current cancer therapies and their limitations, we describe the biological barriers that nanoparticles need to overcome, followed by presenting different types of drug delivery systems to improve drug accumulation in tumors. Then, we describe cancer cell membrane targets that increase cellular drug uptake through active targeting mechanisms. Stimulus-responsive targeting is also discussed by looking at the intra- and extracellular conditions for specific drug release. We include a significant amount of information summarized in tables and figures on nanoparticle-based therapeutics, PEGylated drugs, different ligands for the design of active-targeted systems, and targeting of different organs. We also discuss some still prevailing fundamental limitations of these approaches, eg, by occlusion of targeting ligands.

Indexed as

Antineoplastic AgentsDrug CarriersDrug Delivery SystemsDrug LiberationHumansNeoplasmsAntineoplastic AgentsDrug Carriersactive targetingdrug delivery systemsEPR effectnanoparticlespassive targetingstimulus-responsive targeting

Identifiers

PMID31802849
PMCPMC6826196

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.