ArticleThe Journal of experimental medicine2020
The human fetal thymus generates invariant effector γδ T cells.
Article in The Journal of experimental medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed, 86 citations in OpenAlex.
- Analysis of Human Thymopoiesis Reveals Rapid Postnatal Remodeling of Thymocytes Within the First 3 Months of Life.European journal of immunology · 2026Article
- A single-cell atlas of porcine hematopoietic development.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Oligoclonal expansion of atypical Vδ2Nature communications · 2026Article
- Congenital cytomegalovirus infection drives oligoclonal expansion of cytotoxic γδ T cells from early fetal progenitors.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2026Article
- A mother's touch: microbial guardians of early immune imprinting.Trends in immunology · 2026Review
- Perinatal γδ T cells: between invariance and diversity.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Revisiting the past in light of current knowledge on γδ T cells in leishmaniasis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Vγ9Vδ2 T cells in tuberculosis: protective immunity and translational perspectives.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Developmental hematopoiesis: innate programming of αβ T cells.Experimental hematology · 2026Review
- Development of αβ and γδ T Cells in the Thymus and Methods of Analysis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Phenotypic Remodeling of γδ T Cells in Non-Eosinophilic Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyposis.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Disrupting the balance between activating and inhibitory receptors of γδT cells for effective cancer immunotherapy.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2025Review
- Review
- Development and optimization of Eva1 (Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Article
- Shaping immunity: the influence of the maternal gut bacteria on fetal immune development.Seminars in immunopathology · 2025Review
- Promiscuous class II-binding SARS-CoV-2-nuc derived vaccine-peptide induced extensive conventional, innate and unconventional T cell responses.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Regulation of HSC development and function by Lin28b.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Review
- Early-life thymectomy leads to an increase of granzyme-producing γδ T cells in children with congenital heart disease.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Biologic and Clinical Analysis of Childhood Gamma Delta T-ALL Identifies LMO2/STAG2 Rearrangements as Extremely High Risk.Cancer discovery · 2024Article
- Dysfunctional tumor-infiltrating Vδ1 + T lymphocytes in microsatellite-stable colorectal cancer.Nature communications · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
In the mouse thymus, invariant γδ T cells are generated at well-defined times during development and acquire effector functions before exiting the thymus. However, whether such thymic programming and age-dependent generation of invariant γδ T cells occur in humans is not known. Here we found that, unlike postnatal γδ thymocytes, human fetal γδ thymocytes were functionally programmed (e.g., IFNγ, granzymes) and expressed low levels of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT). This low level of TdT resulted in a low number of N nucleotide insertions in the complementarity-determining region-3 (CDR3) of their TCR repertoire, allowing the usage of short homology repeats within the germline-encoded VDJ segments to generate invariant/public cytomegalovirus-reactive CDR3 sequences (TRGV8-TRJP1-CATWDTTGWFKIF, TRDV2-TRDD3-CACDTGGY, and TRDV1-TRDD3-CALGELGD). Furthermore, both the generation of invariant TCRs and the intrathymic acquisition of effector functions were due to an intrinsic property of fetal hematopoietic stem and precursor cells (HSPCs) caused by high expression of the RNA-binding protein Lin28b. In conclusion, our data indicate that the human fetal thymus generates, in an HSPC/Lin28b-dependent manner, invariant γδ T cells with programmed effector functions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.