ArticleScience translational medicine2019
Biocompatible near-infrared quantum dots delivered to the skin by microneedle patches record vaccination.
Article in Science translational medicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 131 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Fentanyl-Responsive Microneedle Patch for Harm Reduction.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Clinical evaluation of photochromic nanoparticle tattoo ink: safety, tolerability, and performance of rewritable intradermal implants.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- Evolution of 3D-Printed Microneedles toward Closed-Loop Theranostic Platforms.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Review
- Engineering microneedles for biosensing and drug delivery.Bioactive materials · 2025Review
- On-patient medical record and mRNA therapeutics using intradermal microneedles.Nature materials · 2025Article
- Review
- Delivery of luminescent particles to plants for information encoding and storage.Light, science & applications · 2024Article
- Toxicologic Pathology Forum: mRNA Vaccine Safety-Separating Fact From Fiction.Toxicologic pathology · 2024Article
- [Sheng wu yi xue gong cheng xue za zhi = Journal of biomedical engineering = Shengwu yixue gongchengxue zazhi · 2024Review
- Reactive Microneedle Patches with Antibacterial and Dead Bacteria-Trapping Abilities for Skin Infection Treatment.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- Bright Semiconductor Quantum Dots Shed New Light on Precision Nanomedicine for Various Diseases.Small science · 2024Article
- Cancer theragnostics: closing the loop for advanced personalized cancer treatment through the platform integration of therapeutics and diagnostics.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2024Review
- Microneedle-Integrated Sensors for Extraction of Skin Interstitial Fluid and Metabolic Analysis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Endothelial hyperactivation of mutant MAP3K3 induces cerebral cavernous malformation enhanced by PIK3CA GOF mutation.Angiogenesis · 2023Article
- 3D printing of microneedle arrays for hair regeneration in a controllable region.Molecular biomedicine · 2023Article
- Quantum vaccinomics platforms to advance in vaccinology.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Microneedle patch tattoos.iScience · 2022Article
- Losing the battle over best-science guidance early in a crisis: COVID-19 and beyond.Science advances · 2022Article
- Highly Retentive, Anti-Interference, and Covert Individual Marking Taggant with Exceptional Skin Penetration.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2022Article
- Psychological aspects of COVID-19 vaccine in Indian population. Are we still hesitant?Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
27 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Accurate medical recordkeeping is a major challenge in many low-resource settings where well-maintained centralized databases do not exist, contributing to 1.5 million vaccine-preventable deaths annually. Here, we present an approach to encode medical history on a patient using the spatial distribution of biocompatible, near-infrared quantum dots (NIR QDs) in the dermis. QDs are invisible to the naked eye yet detectable when exposed to NIR light. QDs with a copper indium selenide core and aluminum-doped zinc sulfide shell were tuned to emit in the NIR spectrum by controlling stoichiometry and shelling time. The formulation showing the greatest resistance to photobleaching after simulated sunlight exposure (5-year equivalence) through pigmented human skin was encapsulated in microparticles for use in vivo. In parallel, microneedle geometry was optimized in silico and validated ex vivo using porcine and synthetic human skin. QD-containing microparticles were then embedded in dissolvable microneedles and administered to rats with or without a vaccine. Longitudinal in vivo imaging using a smartphone adapted to detect NIR light demonstrated that microneedle-delivered QD patterns remained bright and could be accurately identified using a machine learning algorithm 9 months after application. In addition, codelivery with inactivated poliovirus vaccine produced neutralizing antibody titers above the threshold considered protective. These findings suggest that intradermal QDs can be used to reliably encode information and can be delivered with a vaccine, which may be particularly valuable in the developing world and open up new avenues for decentralized data storage and biosensing.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.