ArticleCancers2019
Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Fields Induce Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Accompanied by Immunogenic Cell Death in Murine Models of Lymphoma and Colorectal Cancer.
Article in Cancers, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Importance of PERK pathway modulation on colorectal cancer management: a systematic review.BMC cancer · 2025Pooled it
- Development of an Electro-Responsive Sorafenib-Loaded Polypyrrole Coating-Modified Nickel-Titanium Alloy for Tumor Ablation Therapy.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2026Article
- Nanosecond Electric Pulses as a Novel In Situ Vaccination Strategy for Cancer Treatment: Mechanisms, Challenges and Prospects.Vaccines · 2026Review
- Immunogenic cell death as a cornerstone for combination therapies with immune checkpoint blockade.Molecular cancer · 2026Review
- Translating physical stress into biological signals: precision electro-oncology based on conformational changes of electro-sensitive receptors and parameterized immune remodeling.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- High-voltage electrical pulses for pancreatic cancer treatment in the era of precision medicine.International journal of surgery (London, England) · 2026Review
- Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Increases the Susceptibility of Human A549 Cells to Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Fields.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Fields (nsPEFs) for Precision Intracellular Oncotherapy: Recent Advances and Emerging Directions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Impact of pulse duration on cardiac electroporation: nanosecond pulses enhance cardiomyocyte selectivity and promote a Raman-detected shift towards apoptotic cell death.Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology · 2025Article
- Computational Multiscale Modeling of Pulsed Field Ablation Considering Conductivity and Damage Anisotropy Reveals Deep Lesion Morphologies.International journal for numerical methods in biomedical engineering · 2025Article
- Fast-Rising Electric Pulses by Reducing Membrane Tension for Efficient Membrane Electroporation.Membranes · 2025Article
- Current Research in Drug-Free Cancer Therapies.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Pulsed electric fields: a sharp sword in the battle against cancers.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Enhanced Cellular Doxorubicin Uptake via Delayed Exposure Following Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Field Treatment: An In Vitro Study.Pharmaceutics · 2024Article
- GRP78-CAR T cell effector function against solid and brain tumors is controlled by GRP78 expression on T cells.Cell reports. Medicine · 2023Article
- Determination of the Impact of High-Intensity Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields on the Release of Damage-Associated Molecular Pattern Molecules.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Immunogenic Cell Death in Electroporation-Based Therapies Depends on Pulse Waveform Characteristics.Vaccines · 2023Article
- Electrical Stimulation in Cartilage Tissue Engineering.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Article
- Action spectra and mechanisms of (in) efficiency of bipolar electric pulses at electroporation.Bioelectrochemistry (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Depending on the initiating stimulus, cancer cell death can be immunogenic or non-immunogenic. Inducers of immunogenic cell death (ICD) rely on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress for the trafficking of danger signals such as calreticulin (CRT) and ATP. We found that nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEF), an emerging new modality for tumor ablation, cause the activation of the ER-resident stress sensor PERK in both CT-26 colon carcinoma and EL-4 lymphoma cells. PERK activation correlates with sustained CRT exposure on the cell plasma membrane and apoptosis induction in both nsPEF-treated cell lines. Our results show that, in CT-26 cells, the activity of caspase-3/7 was increased fourteen-fold as compared with four-fold in EL-4 cells. Moreover, while nsPEF treatments induced the release of the ICD hallmark HMGB1 in both cell lines, extracellular ATP was detected only in CT-26. Finally, in vaccination assays, CT-26 cells treated with nsPEF or doxorubicin equally impaired the growth of tumors at challenge sites eliciting a protective anticancer immune response in 78% and 80% of the animals, respectively. As compared to CT-26, both nsPEF- and mitoxantrone-treated EL-4 cells had a less pronounced effect and protected 50% and 20% of the animals, respectively. These results support our conclusion that nsPEF induce ER stress, accompanied by
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.