ArticleCytokine2020
IL-33 and ST2 as predictors of disease severity in children with viral acute lower respiratory infection.
Article in Cytokine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Post-COVID-19 Dynamics of Pediatric Respiratory Viruses in Wuhan: Epidemiology, Co-Infection Patterns, and Clinical Severity (2023-2024).Infection and drug resistance · 2026Article
- Impact of Transport Media on IL-33 Levels in Samples From Patients With Viral Respiratory Infections.Journal of immunology research · 2026Article
- CXCL13 and IL-33 as Immunomodulatory Adjuvants Combined with Respiratory Syncytial Virus Fusion (RSV F) Protein to Enhance Mucosal RSV Vaccination.Infection and drug resistance · 2026Review
- Development of a point-of-care test for the simultaneous detection of respiratory syncytial virus and IL-33 as a disease biomarker in children.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2025Article
- IL-33 is associated with alveolar dysfunction in patients with viral lower respiratory tract disease.Mucosal immunology · 2025Article
- Involvement of Il-33 in the Pathogenesis and Prognosis of Major Respiratory Viral Infections: Future Perspectives for Personalized Therapy.Biomedicines · 2022Review
- An immune-based biomarker signature is associated with mortality in COVID-19 patients.JCI insight · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMechanisms influencing severity of acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI) in children are not established. We aimed to assess the role of inflammatory markers and respiratory viruses in ALRI severity.
methodsConcentrations of interleukin(IL)-33, soluble suppression of tumorigenicity (sST)2, IL-1ß, tumor necrosis factor α, IL-4, IL-6 and IL- 8 and types of respiratory viruses were evaluated in children at the first and fifth days after hospital admission. Disease severity was defined as need for mechanical ventilation.
resultsSeventy-nine children <5 years-old were included; 33(41.8%) received mechanical ventilation. No associations between virus type, viral load or co-detections and severity of disease were observed. Detection of IL-33 and sST2 in nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPA) on admission were associated with higher risk for mechanical ventilation (RR = 2.89 and RR = 4.57, respectively). IL-6 and IL-8 concentrations were higher on Day 5 in mechanically ventilated children. IL-6 NPA concentrations decreased from Day 1 to Day 5 in children who did not receive mechanical ventilation. Increase in sST2 NPA concentrations from Day 1 to Day 5 was associated with longer hospital length of stay (p < 0.01).
conclusionsAn exacerbated local activation of the IL-33/ST2 axis and persistently high sST2 concentrations over time were associated with severity of viral ALRI in children.
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