SynthesisPloS one2020
The 24-hour urinary cortisol in post-traumatic stress disorder: A meta-analysis.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gut metabolites and inflammation factors in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2020Pooled it
- The cortisol awakening response in a 3 month clinical trial of service dogs for veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder.Scientific reports · 2024Trial
- Hypothesis on PTSD Pathophysiology: Role of CRH, Noradrenaline, and Glucocorticoid Receptors in an Amygdala-Centered Closed-Loop System.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Childhood adversity moderates the association between serum cortisol and earlier-onset posttraumatic stress disorder.Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health · 2026Article
- Personalized resilience: how individual variability in brain-immune responses to stress influences the development of anxiety disorders.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2026Review
- Female Wistar Kyoto More Immobile rats with genetic stress hyper-reactivity show enhanced contextual fear memory without deficit in extinction of fear.The European journal of neuroscience · 2024Article
- Post traumatic stress disorder associated hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysregulation and physical illness.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2024Review
- Identification of distinct clinical profiles and trajectories in individuals at high risk of developing psychosis: A latent profile analysis of the north American prodrome longitudinal study consortium-3 dataset.Early intervention in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Exacerbation of central serous chorioretinopathy during trauma-confronting psychotherapy- a case report.BMC psychiatry · 2024Article
- Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A State-of-the-art Review.Current neuropharmacology · 2024Review
- "The facilitator is not a bystander": exploring the perspectives of interdisciplinary experts on trauma research.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Article
- Biological markers in clinical psychological research - A systematic framework applied to HPA axis regulation in PTSD.Comprehensive psychoneuroendocrinology · 2022Review
- Urinary free cortisol and childhood maltreatments in eating disorder patients: New evidence for an ecophenotype subgroup.European eating disorders review : the journal of the Eating Disorders Association · 2022Article
- Formation of False Context Fear Memory Is Regulated by Hypothalamic Corticotropin-Releasing Factor in Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Researches on cognitive sequelae of burn injury: Current status and advances.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Review
- Genes and hormones of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in post-traumatic stress disorder. What is their role in symptom expression and treatment response?Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2021Review
- The Pathways between Cortisol-Related Regulation Genes and PTSD Psychotherapy.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Chronic Pain and Psychiatric Conditions.Complex psychiatryReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectivePrevious studies found inconsistent results on the relationship between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and concentrations of 24-hour (24-h) urinary cortisol. This study performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to summarize previous findings on this relationship.
methodsWe searched in the databases of Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, and Psyc-ARTICLES for articles published before September 2018. We used the random-effects model with restricted maximum-likelihood estimator to synthesize the effect sizes by calculating the standardized mean difference (SMD) and assessing its significance.
resultsSix hundred and nineteen articles were identified from the preceding databases and 20 of them were included in the meta-analysis. Lower concentrations of 24-h urinary cortisol were observed in patients with PTSD when compared with the controls (SMD = -0.49, 95%CI [-0.91; -0.07], p = 0.02). Subgroup analysis revealed that the concentrations of 24-h urinary cortisol were lower in PTSD patients than in the controls for studies that included female participants or studies that included participants from the United States of America.
conclusionsOverall, decreased levels of 24-h urinary cortisol were linked with the pathophysiology of PTSD. Nonetheless, more studies should be conducted to validate the molecular underpinnings of urine cortisol degeneration in PTSD.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.