ReviewPediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)2021
Sex effects in pyelonephritis.
Review in Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- EnhancedInfection and immunity · 2026Article
- Single-nucleus transcriptomics illuminates sex differences during murine Escherichia coli pyelonephritis.Communications biology · 2026Article
- A mouse model for studying chronicmBio · 2026Article
- Obesity promotes urinary tract infection by disrupting bladder focal adhesion kinase signaling.iScience · 2025Article
- Single-nucleus transcriptomics illuminates sex differences during murine Escherichia coli pyelonephritis.Research square · 2025Article
- A 5-HT-mediated urethral defense against urinary tract infections.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Overcoming challenges in the management of recurrent urinary tract infections.Expert review of anti-infective therapy · 2024Review
- Article
- Differences in the epidemiology, management and outcomes of kidney disease in men and women.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2024Review
- Survey of the infant male urobiome and genomic analysis of Actinotignum spp.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2023Article
- Uropathogen and host responses in pyelonephritis.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2023Review
- Coagulase-negative Staphylococci: a rare cause of urinary tract infections in children with consequences on clinical practice.European journal of pediatrics · 2022Article
- Comparison of imaging findings between acute focal bacterial nephritis (acute lobar nephronia) and acute pyelonephritis: a preliminary evaluation of the sufficiency of ultrasound for the diagnosis of acute focal bacterial nephritis.Emergency radiology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are generally considered a disease of women. However, UTIs affect females throughout the lifespan, and certain male populations (including infants and elderly men) are also susceptible. Epidemiologically, pyelonephritis is more common in women but carries increased morbidity when it does occur in men. Among children, high-grade vesicoureteral reflux is a primary risk factor for upper-tract UTI in both sexes. However, among young infants with UTI, girls are outnumbered by boys; risk factors include posterior urethral valves and lack of circumcision. Recent advances in mouse models of UTI reveal sex differences in innate responses to UTI, which vary somewhat depending on the system used. Moreover, male mice and androgenized female mice suffer worse outcomes in experimental pyelonephritis; evidence suggests that androgen exposure may suppress innate control of infection in the urinary tract, but additional androgen effects, as well as non-hormonal sex effects, may yet be specified. Among other intriguing directions, recent experiments raise the hypothesis that the postnatal testosterone surge that occurs in male infants may represent an additional factor driving the higher incidence of UTI in males under 6 months of age. Ongoing work in contemporary models will further illuminate sex- and sex-hormone-specific effects on UTI pathogenesis and immune responses.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.