Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32060812›Full record

ReviewDigestive diseases and sciences2020

Diet and the Human Gut Microbiome: An International Review.

Annette S Wilson, Kathryn R Koller, Matsepo C Ramaboli, Lucky T Nesengani, Soeren Ocvirk, Caixia Chen, Christie A Flanagan, Flora R Sapp, Zoe T Merritt, Faheem Bhatti and 2 more

Registry-linked trialOpen access · greenAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Digestive diseases and sciences, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05790356 (Fecal Microbial Transplantation for Rheumatoid Arthritis Trial), which is not on this map. Cited by 197 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
197citing papers in PubMed, 7 pooled it
18.0field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05790356 narecruitingnot on this mapstarted 2023, after this paper: background citation

Fecal Microbial Transplantation for Rheumatoid Arthritis Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorLondon Health Sciences Centre Research Institute OR Lawson Research Institute of St. Joseph'sRan2023 to 2026Enrolled30ConditionsArthritis, Arthritis, Rheumatoid, Fecal Microbiota TransplantationArmsFecal Microbial transplant, Placebo capsules
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

197 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 360 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Microbiome and well-being: a meta-analysis.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2025
    Pooled it
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  8. Trial
  9. Trial
  10. Trial
  11. Trial
  12. Trial
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Modulatory Effects ofNutrients · 2026
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article

137 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.

Annette S WilsonDivision of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, W1145 Biomedical Science Tower, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
Kathryn R KollerClinical and Research Services, Community Health Services, Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Anchorage, AK, USA.
Matsepo C RamaboliAfrican Microbiome Institute, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa.
Lucky T NesenganiAfrican Microbiome Institute, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa.
Soeren OcvirkDivision of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, W1145 Biomedical Science Tower, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
Caixia ChenDivision of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, W1145 Biomedical Science Tower, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
Christie A FlanaganClinical and Research Services, Community Health Services, Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Anchorage, AK, USA.
Flora R SappClinical and Research Services, Community Health Services, Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Anchorage, AK, USA.
Zoe T MerrittClinical and Research Services, Community Health Services, Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Anchorage, AK, USA.
Faheem BhattiDivision of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, W1145 Biomedical Science Tower, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
Timothy K ThomasClinical and Research Services, Community Health Services, Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Anchorage, AK, USA.
Stephen J D O'KeefeDivision of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, W1145 Biomedical Science Tower, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA. sjokeefe@pitt.edu.
Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium · USUniversity of Pittsburgh · USStellenbosch University · ZA

Funding

Randomized Controlled Trial of Resistant Starch to Reduce Colon Cancer Risk in Alaska Native PeopleR01CA204403 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI O'KEEFE, STEPHEN J.D., THOMAS, TIMOTHY K · 2017 to 2021
$2.8M
Diet and Gastrointestinal Cancer Risk in African Americans and Rural AfricansR01CA135379 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI O'KEEFE, STEPHEN J.D. · 2009 to 2012
$2.1M
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA135379NCI NIH HHS R01 CA204403
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This review summarizes the key results of recently published studies on the effects of dietary change and nutritional intervention on the human microbiome from around the world, focusing on the USA, Canada, Europe, Asia, and Africa. It first explores mechanisms that might explain the ability of fiber-rich foods to suppress the incidence and mortality from westernized diseases, notably cancers of the colon, breast, liver, cardiovascular, infectious, and respiratory diseases, diabetes, and obesity (O'Keefe in Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 4(12):984-996, 2019; Am J Clin Nutr 110:265-266, 2019). It summarizes studies from Africa which suggest that disturbance of the colonic microbiome may exacerbate chronic malnutrition and growth failure in impoverished communities and highlights the importance of breast feeding. The American section discusses the role of the microbiome in the swelling population of patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes and examines the effects of race, ethnicity, geography, and climate on microbial diversity and metabolism. The studies from Europe and Asia extoll the benefits of whole foods and plant-based diets. The Asian studies examine the worrying changes from low-fat, high-carbohydrate diets to high-fat, low-carbohydrate ones and the increasing appearance of westernized diseases as in Africa and documents the ability of high-fiber traditional Chinese diets to reverse type 2 diabetes and control weight loss. In conclusion, most of the studies reviewed demonstrate clear changes in microbe abundances and in the production of fermentation products, such as short-chain fatty acids and phytochemicals following dietary change, but the significance of the microbiota changes to human health, with the possible exception of the stimulation of butyrogenic taxa by fiber-rich foods, is generally implied and not measured. Further studies are needed to determine how these changes in microbiota composition and metabolism can improve our health and be used to prevent and treat disease.

Indexed as

DietInternationalityDietary FiberDiet, WesternGastrointestinal MicrobiomeHumansMilk, HumanDietary FiberBile acidsColon cancerDietFatFiberMetabolomeMicrobiomeObesityPrebioticsProbioticsShort-chain fatty acidsType 2 diabetesWesternized diseases

Identifiers

PMID32060812
PMCPMC7117800
OpenAlexW3005979924

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.