ArticleJournal of managed care & specialty pharmacy2020
Estimation of Annual Health Care Costs for Adults with Type 1 Diabetes in the United States.
Article in Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vitamin supplementation and its effect on incident type 1 diabetes mellitus and islet autoimmunity: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Costs of Comorbidities and Complications Associated with Type 2 Diabetes: A Retrospective, Cohort Study.Advances in therapy · 2026Article
- Gamma Irradiation of Poly(lactide-co-glycolide) Scaffolds Reduces the Mechanical Stability and Function of Islet Grafts in Diabetic Nonhuman Primates.Biotechnology and bioengineering · 2026Article
- Medical events and costs associated with metabolic bariatric surgery among adults with type 2 diabetes: A retrospective, matched cohort study.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Article
- Retrospective analysis of impact of automated insulin delivery technology on acute care utilisation from 2019 to 2021.Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association · 2025Observational
- Who is using continuous glucose monitoring for type 2 diabetes management? A scoping review protocol.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Can a vegan diet help people with type 1 diabetes save on insulin? A secondary analysis of a 12-Week randomized clinical trial.BMC nutrition · 2025Article
- Type 1 diabetes mellitus prevention: present and future.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2025Review
- Article
- FXYD2 marks and regulates maturity of β cells via ion channel-mediated signal transduction.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Comparative diabetes mellitus burden trends across global, Chinese, US, and Indian populations using GBD 2021 database.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Factors Influencing Costs of Cancer Care for Patients with Neuroendocrine Neoplasms.Neuroendocrinology · 2025Review
- An Economic Evaluation of the Relationship Between Glycemic Control and Total Healthcare Costs for Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: Retrospective Cohort Study.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2024Article
- Innovations in bio-engineering and cell-based approaches to address immunological challenges in islet transplantation.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Cost and utilization of healthcare services for persons with diabetes.Diabetes research and clinical practice · 2023Article
- Combinatorial islet protective therapeutic approaches in β-cell transplantation: Rationally designed solutions using a target product profile.FASEB bioAdvances · 2023Review
- Health Care Resource Utilization in Adults Living With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in the South African Public Health Sector: Protocol for a 1-Year Retrospective Analysis With a 5-, 10-, and 25-Year Projection.JMIR research protocols · 2023Article
- Barriers to Screening: An Analysis of Factors Impacting Screening for Type 1 Diabetes Prevention Trials.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2023Article
- Herpes Zoster Incidence and Burden in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes in the U.S.: A Retrospective Database Analysis.Diabetes care · 2022Article
- Immune Protection of Stem Cell-Derived Islet Cell Therapy for Treating Diabetes.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDiabetes health care resource utilization (HCRU) studies tend to focus on patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) or pool patients with T2D and type 1 diabetes (T1D). There is a paucity of recent data on the cost of treating patients with T1D in the United States.
objectivesTo (a) estimate the per-patient per-year (PPPY) HCRU and costs, from a payer perspective, associated with treating U.S. adults with T1D and (b) compare these with the HCRU and costs for patients with T2D.
methodsThis retrospective cohort study used claims data from the Optum Clinformatics database between January 2015 and December 2017. Adults (aged ≥ 18 years) with a diagnosis of T1D were propensity score-matched to adults with T2D. Overall and nondiabetes-related HCRU and costs were assessed for T1D and T2D and compared between the 2 groups.
resultsPropensity scores were used to match 10,103 patient pairs from T1D and T2D cohorts (mean ages 54.4 and 56.9 years, respectively). In the T1D cohort, inpatient, emergency department (ED), outpatient, and prescription claims occurred in 14.0%, 17.3%, 85.5%, and 100% of patients, respectively, resulting in a mean total cost of U.S. $18,817 PPPY (diabetes-related = $11,002; nondiabetes-related = $7,816). The T1D cohort had significantly higher mean total costs than the T2D cohort ($18,817 vs. $14,148 PPPY;
conclusionsThis study showed that the total annual cost of managing an adult with T1D is significantly higher than that of an adult with T2D. Nondiabetes costs accounted for 40% of the total per-patient cost, similar to patients with T2D, confirming that as patients with T1D live longer lives, they may also be at greater risk for cardiometabolic complications. DISCLOSURES: This study was funded by Sanofi U.S. and Lexicon Pharmaceuticals as part of a business partnership in a diabetes program at the time this study was conducted. Joish and Davies are employees and stockholders of Lexicon Pharmaceuticals. Zhou, Preblick, and Paranjape are employees and stockholders of Sanofi. Lin was a postdoctoral fellow at Sanofi through Rutgers University during this project. Deshpande provided consulting services through Communication Symmetry. Verma is an employee of Evidera, which was contracted by Sanofi for work on this study. Pettus is a consultant for Diasome, Insulet, Lexicon, Lilly, Mannkind, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi, and Senseonics.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.