ReviewJournal of leukocyte biology2020
Chicken-or-egg question: Which came first, extracellular vesicles or autoimmune diseases?
Review in Journal of leukocyte biology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed.
- Extracellular vesicles and their role in Lupus Nephritis: A scoping review.Journal of translational autoimmunity · 2026Review
- Novel perspectives on extracellular vesicles in autoimmune diseases: immunogenicity, inflammation, and immune surveillance.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Review
- Shotgun Proteomics Links Proteoglycan-4Biomolecules · 2024Article
- The impact of the Mediterranean diet on immune function in older adults.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2024Review
- Nutrition, Immunity and Aging: Current Scenario and Future Perspectives in Neurodegenerative Diseases.CNS & neurological disorders drug targets · 2024Review
- Circulating GLASTFrontiers in molecular biosciences · 2024Article
- B cell extracellular vesicles contain monomeric IgM that binds antigen and enters target cells.iScience · 2023Article
- [Advances on the research and treatment of autoimmune disease-related chronic wounds].Zhonghua shao shang yu chuang mian xiu fu za zhi · 2022Review
- Worse Disease Prognosis Is Associated to an Increase of Platelet-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Hospitalized SARS-CoV-2 Patients.Disease markers · 2022Article
- Extracellular Vesicles in Musculoskeletal Regeneration: Modulating the Therapy of the Future.Cells · 2021Review
- How to Tackle the Relationship between Autoimmune Diseases and Diet: Well Begun Is Half-Done.Nutrients · 2021Review
- Platelets: "multiple choice" effectors in the immune response and their implication in COVID-19 thromboinflammatory process.International journal of laboratory hematology · 2021Review
- Circulating Platelet-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Are a Hallmark of Sars-Cov-2 Infection.Cells · 2021Article
- Circulating Exosomes Are Strongly Involved in SARS-CoV-2 Infection.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2021Article
- Blood Nanoparticles - Influence on Extracellular Vesicle Isolation and Characterization.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Review
- The Potential Role of Extracellular Vesicles in COVID-19 Treatment: Opportunity and Challenge.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2021Review
- Extracellular Vesicles in Immune System Regulation and Type 1 Diabetes: Cell-to-Cell Communication Mediators, Disease Biomarkers, and Promising Therapeutic Tools.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Extracellular Vesicles: A Novel Tool Facilitating Personalized Medicine and Pharmacogenomics in Oncology.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Review
- Chicken-or-egg question: Which came first, extracellular vesicles or autoimmune diseases?Journal of leukocyte biology · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have attracted great interest as contributors to autoimmune disease (AD) pathogenesis, owing to their immunomodulatory potential; they may also play a role in triggering tolerance disruption, by delivering auto-antigens. EVs are released by almost all cell types, and afford paracrine or distal cell communication, functioning as biological carriers of active molecules including lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Depending on stimuli from the external microenvironment or on their cargo, EVs can promote or suppress immune responses. ADs are triggered by inappropriate immune-system activation against the self, but their precise etiology is still poorly understood. Accumulating evidence indicates that lifestyle and diet have a strong impact on their clinical onset and development. However, to date the mechanisms underlying AD pathogenesis are not fully clarified, and reliable markers, which would provide early prediction and disease progression monitoring, are lacking. In this connection, EVs have recently been indicated as a promising source of AD biomarkers. Although EV isolation is currently based on differential centrifugation or density-gradient ultracentrifugation, the resulting co-isolation of contaminants (i.e., protein aggregates), and the pooling of all EVs in one sample, limit this approach to abundantly-expressed EVs. Flow cytometry is one of the most promising methods for detecting EVs as biomarkers, and may have diagnostic applications. Furthermore, very recent findings describe a new method for identifying and sorting EVs by flow cytometry from freshly collected body fluids, based on specific EV surface markers.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.