SynthesisBMJ (Clinical research ed.)2020
Egg consumption and risk of cardiovascular disease: three large prospective US cohort studies, systematic review, and updated meta-analysis.
Synthesis in BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers, 11 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
67 citing papers in PubMed, 11 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 150 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Association Between Lifestyle Interventions and Trimethylamine N-Oxide: A Systematic-Narrative Hybrid Literature Review.Nutrients · 2025Pooled it
- A global analysis of dairy consumption and incident cardiovascular disease.Nature communications · 2025Pooled it
- Dietary Changes of Youth during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review.The Journal of nutrition · 2024Pooled it
- Egg Consumption and Risk of All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-analysis of Prospective Studies.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2022Pooled it
- Is There a Correlation between Dietary and Blood Cholesterol? Evidence from Epidemiological Data and Clinical Interventions.Nutrients · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- The Isocaloric Substitution of Plant-Based and Animal-Based Protein in Relation to Aging-Related Health Outcomes: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2022Pooled it
- Egg consumption and cardiovascular risk: a dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.European journal of nutrition · 2021Pooled it
- Egg consumption, overall diet quality, and risk of type 2 diabetes and coronary heart disease: A pooling project of US prospective cohorts.Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2021Pooled it
- Egg consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes: findings from 3 large US cohort studies of men and women and a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2020Pooled it
- Egg Consumption and Stroke Risk: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies.Frontiers in nutrition · 2020Pooled it
- Consumption of Different Egg-Based Diets Alters Clinical Metabolic and Hematological Parameters in Young, Healthy Men and Women.Nutrients · 2023Trial
- Trial
- Eggs Improve Plasma Biomarkers in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome Following a Plant-Based Diet-A Randomized Crossover Study.Nutrients · 2022Trial
- Egg Consumption and Blood Lipid Parameters According to the Presence of Chronic Metabolic Disorders: The EVIDENT II Study.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2022Trial
- Dietary Choline Supplements, but Not Eggs, Raise Fasting TMAO Levels in Participants with Normal Renal Function: A Randomized Clinical Trial.The American journal of medicine · 2021Trial
- Microwave and solvent extraction ofFood chemistry: X · 2026Article
- Mediating role of lipid metabolism on the association between egg consumption and frailty: results from a large-scale population study.European journal of nutrition · 2026Article
- Development and evaluation of a nutrient-derived anti-inflammatory dietary index (NADI) among Chinese adults.European journal of nutrition · 2026Article
- Egg Consumption and Human Health: A Comprehensive Review of the Effects on Serum Lipids, Antioxidant Status, and Cardiovascular Outcomes.The journal of poultry science · 2026Review
7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo evaluate the association between egg intake and cardiovascular disease risk among women and men in the United States, and to conduct a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.
designProspective cohort study, and a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.
settingNurses' Health Study (NHS, 1980-2012), NHS II (1991-2013), Health Professionals' Follow-Up Study (HPFS, 1986-2012).
participantsCohort analyses included 83 349 women from NHS, 90 214 women from NHS II, and 42 055 men from HPFS who were free of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and cancer at baseline.
main outcome measuresIncident cardiovascular disease, which included non-fatal myocardial infarction, fatal coronary heart disease, and stroke.
resultsOver up to 32 years of follow-up (>5.54 million person years), 14 806 participants with incident cardiovascular disease were identified in the three cohorts. Participants with a higher egg intake had a higher body mass index, were less likely to be treated with statins, and consumed more red meats. Most people consumed between one and less than five eggs per week. In the pooled multivariable analysis, consumption of at least one egg per day was not associated with incident cardiovascular disease risk after adjustment for updated lifestyle and dietary factors associated with egg intake (hazard ratio for at least one egg per day
conclusionsResults from the three cohorts and from the updated meta-analysis show that moderate egg consumption (up to one egg per day) is not associated with cardiovascular disease risk overall, and is associated with potentially lower cardiovascular disease risk in Asian populations. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO CRD42019129650.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.