ArticleCancers2020
Characterization of Human NK Cell-Derived Exosomes: Role of DNAM1 Receptor In Exosome-Mediated Cytotoxicity Against Tumor.
Article in Cancers, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 115 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
115 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 164 citations in OpenAlex.
- Natural Killer Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as a Promising Immunotherapeutic Strategy for Cancer: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Extracellular Vesicles as a Potential Tool in Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- The electrical and chemical hypoxia-optimized (ECHO) bioreactor system enables scalable production of functionally preserved NK-exosomes validated in a syngeneic lung cancer model.Drug delivery and translational research · 2026Article
- Natural Killer Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Exhibit Cytotoxicity Against Bulk Tumor Cells and Cancer Stem Cells in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Developing blood extracellular vesicle protein biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma: mechanisms, methods, and translation.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- Distinct Biodistribution of Natural Killer Cell-Derived Exosomes in an Orthotopic A549 Lung Cancer Mouse Model: Implications for Potent Targeted Drug Delivery.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- CD11dGenes and immunity · 2026Article
- AS1411-Bivalent-Cholesterol-Anchor Equipped with Zinc Phthalocya-Nine Enables NK Cells Derived Exosomes to Realize Effective Tumor-Tropism Photodynamic Therapy.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Engineered CAR-T-Derived Exosomes Co-Delivering miR-145 and Cytotoxic Proteins for Targeted Solid Tumour Therapy.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2026Article
- Research Progress on Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Derived Small Size Vesicles for the Treatment of Liver Diseases.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- iPSC-derived CAR-NK extracellular vesicles for non-small cell lung cancer: evidence, engineering, and translational barriers.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Immune cell-derived exosomes in cancer: double-edged mechanisms of antitumor immunity and tumor progression.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Review
- NK-derived exosomes in anti-tumor strategies.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2025Review
- Anti-Her2 CAR-NK92 Cells and Their Exosomes: Generation, Characterization, and Selective Cytotoxicity Against Her2-Positive Tumor Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- The Immune Regulatory Functions of CD226 and Its Implications in Immune-Mediated Diseases.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Breaking barriers: Smart vaccine platforms for cancer immunomodulation.Cancer communications (London, England) · 2025Review
- The Roles of Exosomes in Anti-Cancer Drugs.Cancer medicine · 2025Review
- Secretory exosomes from modified immune cells against cancer.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2025Review
- Evaluating the Influence of Different Serum-Free Culture Conditions on the Production and Function of Natural Killer Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles.Journal of extracellular biology · 2025Article
55 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Despite the pivotal role of natural killer (NK) cells in defenses against tumors, their exploitation in cancer treatment is still limited due to their reduced ability to reaching tumor sites and the inhibitory effects of tumor microenvironment (TME) on their function. In this study, we have characterized the exosomes from IL2- or IL15-cultured human NK cells. Both cytokines induced comparable amounts of exosomes with similar cargo composition. Analysis of molecules contained within or exposed at the exosome surface, allowed the identification of molecules playing important roles in the NK cell function including IFN-γ, Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen (LFA-1), DNAX Accessory Molecule-1 (DNAM1) and Programmed Cell Death Protein (PD-1). Importantly, we show that DNAM1 is involved in exosome-mediated cytotoxicity as revealed by experiments using blocking antibodies to DNAM1 or DNAM1 ligands. In addition, antibody-mediated inhibition of exosome cytotoxicity results in a delay in target cell apoptosis. We also provide evidence that NK-exosomes may exert their cytolytic activity after short time interval and even at low concentrations. Regarding their possible use in immunotherapy, NK exosomes, detectable in peripheral blood, can diffuse into tissues and exert their cytolytic effect at tumor sites. This property offers a clue to integrate cancer treatments with NK exosomes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.