Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32212849›Full record

ReviewArteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology2020

Emerging Mechanisms of Cardiovascular Protection for the Omega-3 Fatty Acid Eicosapentaenoic Acid.

R Preston Mason, Peter Libby, Deepak L Bhatt

Registry-linked trialOpen access · bronzeAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06995586 (The Synergistic Action of Vitamins and Dietary Supplements in Patients With Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting for Improving the Quality of Healthcare Delivery.), which is not on this map. Cited by 167 papers, 11 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
167citing papers in PubMed, 11 pooled it
29.4field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06995586 nanot yet recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

The Synergistic Action of Vitamins and Dietary Supplements in Patients With Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting for Improving the Quality of Healthcare Delivery.

TypeinterventionalSponsorNicosia General HospitalRan2026 to 2028Enrolled108ConditionsCardio-pulmonary Bypass, Cardiovascular Diseases, Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids, Omega-3 SupplementationArmsVitamin C, Omega 3 PUFA (EPO/DHA), Lignin, Lactulose
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

167 citing papers in PubMed, 11 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 381 citations in OpenAlex.

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  3. Omega-3 fatty acids for intermittent claudication.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2024
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107 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

R Preston MasonFrom the Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (R.P.M., P.L., D.L.B.).
Peter LibbyFrom the Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (R.P.M., P.L., D.L.B.).
Deepak L BhattFrom the Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (R.P.M., P.L., D.L.B.).
Harvard University · USBrigham and Women's Hospital · US

Funding

Molecular Determinants of Arterial Remodeling in AtherogenesisR01HL080472 · NHLBI · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI LIBBY, PETER · 2005 to 2018
$5.0M
Novel mechanisms of the thrombotic complications of atherosclerosisR01HL134892 · NHLBI · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI LIBBY, PETER · 2019 to 2022
$1.7M
NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL080472NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL134892
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Patients with well-controlled LDL (low-density lipoprotein) levels still have residual cardiovascular risk associated with elevated triglycerides. Epidemiological studies have shown that elevated fasting triglyceride levels associate independently with incident cardiovascular events, and abundant recent human genetic data support the causality of TGRLs (triglyceride-rich lipoproteins) in atherothrombosis. Omega-3 fatty acids, such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), lower blood triglyceride concentrations but likely exert additional atheroprotective properties at higher doses. Omega-3 fatty acids modulate T-cell differentiation and give rise to various prostaglandins and specialized proresolving lipid mediators that promote resolution of tissue injury and inflammation. The REDUCE-IT (Reduction of Cardiovascular Events with Icosapent Ethyl-Intervention Trial) with an EPA-only formulation lowered a composite of cardiovascular events by 25% in patients with established cardiovascular disease or diabetes mellitus and other cardiovascular risk factors. This clinical benefit likely arises from multiple molecular mechanisms discussed in this review. Indeed, human plaques readily incorporate EPA, which may render them less likely to trigger clinical events. EPA and DHA differ in their effects on membrane structure, rates of lipid oxidation, inflammatory biomarkers, and endothelial function as well as tissue distributions. Trials that have evaluated DHA-containing high-dose omega-3 fatty acids have thus far not shown the benefits of EPA alone demonstrated in REDUCE-IT. This review will consider the mechanistic evidence that helps to understand the potential mechanisms of benefit of EPA.

Indexed as

Dietary SupplementsAnimalsAnti-Inflammatory AgentsBiomarkersCardiovascular DiseasesDyslipidemiasEicosapentaenoic AcidEvidence-Based MedicineHumansHypolipidemic AgentsInflammationLipidsProtective FactorsRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsTreatment OutcomeAnti-Inflammatory AgentsBiomarkersEicosapentaenoic AcidHypolipidemic AgentsLipidseicosapentaenoic acidfatty acidsinflammationlipoproteinstriglycerides

Identifiers

PMID32212849
PMCPMC7176343
OpenAlexW3013214255

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.