ArticleFrontiers in oncology2020
Chloroquine Inhibits Stemness of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells Through Targeting CXCR4-STAT3 Pathway.
Article in Frontiers in oncology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Captivating Synergistic, Dose-Dependent Anticancer Effects of Tumor-Regulation Modulators Chloroquine and Ivermectin Completely Abolished by an Opposing Modulator, Deoxycholic Acid, in Hamster Fibrosarcoma: In Vivo, In Vitro, and Literature Review.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Cancer stem cells: advances in knowledge and implications for cancer therapy.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Review
- Therapeutic vulnerabilities of cancer stem cells and effects of natural products.Natural product reports · 2023Review
- Destroying the Shield of Cancer Stem Cells: Natural Compounds as Promising Players in Cancer Therapy.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- Biologic Functions of Hydroxychloroquine in Disease: From COVID-19 to Cancer.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- Molecular mechanism, regulation, and therapeutic targeting of the STAT3 signaling pathway in esophageal cancer (Review).International journal of oncology · 2022Article
- Toll-Like Receptor 9-Mediated Neuronal Innate Immune Reaction Is Associated with Initiating a Pro-Regenerative State in Neurons of the Dorsal Root Ganglia Non-Associated with Sciatic Nerve Lesion.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Repositioning of Antiparasitic Drugs for Tumor Treatment.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
15 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide. Recent studies have shown that cancer stem cells (CSCs) are present in ESCC, are thought to lead to aggressive tumor behavior and the prognosis. The CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4), is regarded as a putative CSCs marker in various malignancies. Here, we demonstrate that CXCR4 played a key role in ESCC progression and CXCR4 positive ESCC cells possessed stem-like properties. Furthermore, the anti-malarial agent chloroquine (CQ) targeted CXCR4-positive ESCC cells via STAT3 pathway. Therefore, CQ with anti-CSCs effects may be an effective adjunct to current ESCC chemotherapy regimens.
Indexed as
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.