Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32238384›Full record

SynthesisBMJ (Clinical research ed.)2020

Comparison of dietary macronutrient patterns of 14 popular named dietary programmes for weight and cardiovascular risk factor reduction in adults: systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised trials.

Long Ge, Behnam Sadeghirad, Geoff D C Ball, Bruno R da Costa, Christine L Hitchcock, Anton Svendrovski, Ruhi Kiflen, Kalimullah Quadri, Henry Y Kwon, Mohammad Karamouzian and 10 more

Erratum issued Registry-linked trialOpen access · hybridAbstract readSystematic ReviewNetwork Meta-Analysis
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to trial NCT05702840 (The Effects of a Home-based Resistance Training Programme on Body Composition and Muscle Function During Weight Loss in People With Overweight or Obesity), which is not on this map. Cited by 219 papers, 39 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
219citing papers in PubMed, 39 pooled it
29.1field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05702840 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2023, after this paper: background citation

The Effects of a Home-based Resistance Training Programme on Body Composition and Muscle Function During Weight Loss in People With Overweight or Obesity: a Randomised Controlled Pilot Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of GlasgowRan2023 to 2024Enrolled48ConditionsOverweight and ObesityArmsResistance exercise training + weight loss group, Weight loss only group (WL)
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

219 citing papers in PubMed, 39 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 407 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Guideline
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  6. CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2025
    Guideline
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  9. Managing obesity in children: a clinical practice guideline.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2025
    Guideline
  10. Pooled it
  11. The effectiveness of the Mediterranean Diet for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease: An umbrella review.Nutrition & dietetics : the journal of the Dietitians Association of Australia · 2025
    Pooled it
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  13. Guideline
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159 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors at 11 institutions in 5 countries.

Long GeEvidence Based Social Science Research Centre, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
Behnam SadeghiradDepartment of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Geoff D C BallDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
Bruno R da CostaInstitute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Christine L HitchcockDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
Anton SvendrovskiDepartment of Community Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
Ruhi KiflenDepartment of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Kalimullah QuadriZucker School of Medicine at HOFSTRA/Northwell Mather Hospital, Port Jefferson, NY, USA.
Henry Y KwonSchool of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
Mohammad KaramouzianSchool of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Thomasin Adams-WebberLibrary and Archives Services, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Waleed AhmedDepartment of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Samah DamanhouryDepartment of Agricultural, Food, and Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
Dena ZeraatkarDepartment of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Adriani NikolakopoulouInstitute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Ross T TsuyukiDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
Jinhui TianEvidence Based Medicine Centre, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
Kehu YangEvidence Based Social Science Research Centre, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
Gordon H GuyattDepartment of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Bradley C JohnstonDepartment of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada bradley.johnston@tamu.edu.
University of Alberta · CAMcMaster University · CADalhousie University · CAImpact · CALanzhou University · CNUniversity of Toronto · CAHospital for Sick Children · CAInstitute of Social and Preventive Medicine · CHJohn T. Mather Memorial Hospital · USKerman University of Medical Sciences · IRWayne State University · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo determine the relative effectiveness of dietary macronutrient patterns and popular named diet programmes for weight loss and cardiovascular risk factor improvement among adults who are overweight or obese.

designSystematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised trials. DATA SOURCES: Medline, Embase, CINAHL, AMED, and CENTRAL from database inception until September 2018, reference lists of eligible trials, and related reviews. STUDY SELECTION: Randomised trials that enrolled adults (≥18 years) who were overweight (body mass index 25-29) or obese (≥30) to a popular named diet or an alternative diet. OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Change in body weight, low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and C reactive protein at the six and 12 month follow-up. REVIEW

methodsTwo reviewers independently extracted data on study participants, interventions, and outcomes and assessed risk of bias, and the certainty of evidence using the GRADE (grading of recommendations, assessment, development, and evaluation) approach. A bayesian framework informed a series of random effects network meta-analyses to estimate the relative effectiveness of the diets.

results121 eligible trials with 21 942 patients were included and reported on 14 named diets and three control diets. Compared with usual diet, low carbohydrate and low fat diets had a similar effect at six months on weight loss (4.63

conclusionsModerate certainty evidence shows that most macronutrient diets, over six months, result in modest weight loss and substantial improvements in cardiovascular risk factors, particularly blood pressure. At 12 months the effects on weight reduction and improvements in cardiovascular risk factors largely disappear. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO CRD42015027929.

Indexed as

Diet, Carbohydrate-RestrictedDiet, Fat-RestrictedDiet, MediterraneanNutrientsRisk Reduction BehaviorBlood PressureBody Mass IndexBody WeightCardiovascular DiseasesCholesterol, HDLCholesterol, LDLHumansObesityRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicWeight LossCholesterol, HDLCholesterol, LDLNutrients

Identifiers

PMID32238384
PMCPMC7190064
OpenAlexW3014393734

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.