Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32240499›Full record

ArticleCellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands)2020

Overexpression of Sal-like protein 4 in head and neck cancer: epigenetic effects and clinical correlations.

Kiyoshi Misawa, Yuki Misawa, Masato Mima, Satoshi Yamada, Atsushi Imai, Daiki Mochizuki, Takuya Nakagawa, Tomoya Kurokawa, Shiori Endo, Hideya Kawasaki and 2 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Cellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
0.4field-weighted citation impact, top 41% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. SALL4 Oncogenic Function in Cancers: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Relevance.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022
    Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Kiyoshi MisawaDepartment of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan. kiyoshim@hama-med.ac.jp.
Yuki MisawaDepartment of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan.
Masato MimaDepartment of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan.
Satoshi YamadaDepartment of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan.
Atsushi ImaiDepartment of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan.
Daiki MochizukiDepartment of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan.
Takuya NakagawaDepartment of Molecular Oncology, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
Tomoya KurokawaDepartment of Molecular Oncology, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
Shiori EndoDepartment of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan.
Hideya KawasakiPreeminent Medical Photonics Education & Research Center Institute for NanoSuit Research, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan.
John Chadwick BrennerDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Hiroyuki MinetaDepartment of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan.
Hamamatsu University School of Medicine · JPChiba University · JPMichigan Medicine · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSal-like protein 4 (SALL4), an embryonic stem cell factor, has been reported to play an essential role in embryogenesis and oncogenesis. As yet, however, the expression and role of this transcription factor in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) has not been established.

methodsWe assessed SALL4 mRNA expression in a well-characterised dataset of 230 HNSCC samples (test cohort 110 cases and validation cohort 120 cases). We also transfected HNSCC cells (FaDu and UM-SCC-6) with SALL4 siRNA and assessed its effects on proliferation and expression of specific epigenetic factors in order to uncover the role of SALL4 in HNSCC.

resultsOverexpression of SALL4 was detected in tumour samples of both cohorts. HNSCC cells treated with SALL4 siRNA showed a reduction in growth and a decrease in DNA methyltransferase 3 alpha (DNMT3A) expression. In the patient cohorts, SALL4 overexpression was found to significantly correlate with disease recurrence (p < 0.001) and SALL4 methylation status (p = 0.002). We also found that DNMT3A was significantly upregulated upon SALL4 upregulation (p < 0.001). High expression levels of SALL4 correlated with decreases in disease-free survival (DFS) rates (log-rank test, p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed that SALL4 expression served as an independent prognostic factor for DFS (hazard ratio: 2.566, 95% confidence interval: 1.598-4.121; p < 0.001).

conclusionsOur findings indicate that SALL4 upregulation correlates with HNSCC tumour aggressiveness and an adverse patient outcome. Our findings also indicate that DNMT3A may synergistically contribute to the regulatory effects of SALL4. Our findings provide insight into SALL4-mediated HNSCC development via epigenetic modulation.

Indexed as

AdultAgedBiomarkers, TumorCell ProliferationDisease-Free SurvivalDNA (Cytosine-5-)-MethyltransferasesDNA Methyltransferase 3AEpigenesis, GeneticFemaleGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticHead and Neck NeoplasmsHumansMaleMiddle AgedSquamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and NeckTranscription FactorsBiomarkers, TumorDNA (Cytosine-5-)-MethyltransferasesDNA Methyltransferase 3ADNMT3A protein, humanSALL4 protein, humanTranscription FactorsBiomarkerDNMT3AEpigenetic regulationHNSCCSALL4

Identifiers

PMID32240499
PMCPMC12990672
OpenAlexW3014446653

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.