Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32243826›Full record

ReviewThe lancet. HIV2020

HIV and cardiovascular disease.

Kaku So-Armah, Laura A Benjamin, Gerald S Bloomfield, Matthew J Feinstein, Priscilla Hsue, Benson Njuguna, Matthew S Freiberg

Open access · greenAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in The lancet. HIV, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 176 papers, 13 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
176citing papers in PubMed, 13 pooled it
28.3field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

176 citing papers in PubMed, 13 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 292 citations in OpenAlex.

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  20. Long-term subclinical cardiac damage in people living with human immunodeficiency virus.International journal of cardiology. Heart & vasculature · 2026
    Article

116 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.

Kaku So-ArmahBoston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address: kaku@bu.edu.
Laura A BenjaminUCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
Gerald S BloomfieldDuke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, NC, USA.
Matthew J FeinsteinNorthwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
Priscilla HsueUniversity of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Benson NjugunaMoi Teaching and Referral Hospital, Eldoret, Kenya.
Matthew S FreibergVanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville VA Medical Center, VA Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, USA.
Duke University · USMoi University · KENorthwestern University · USUniversity College London · GBUniversity of California, San Francisco · USVA Tennessee Valley Healthcare System · US

Funding

Novel Mechanisms Driving Excess Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk in the Context of HIV: The Role of Liver InjuryK01HL134147 · NHLBI · BOSTON MEDICAL CENTER · PI SO-ARMAH, KAKU · 2016 to 2020
$620k
NHLBI NIH HHS K01 HL134147
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

HIV-related cardiovascular disease research is predominantly from Europe and North America. Of the estimated 37·9 million people living with HIV worldwide, 25·6 million live in sub-Saharan Africa. Although mechanisms for HIV-related cardiovascular disease might be the same in all people with HIV, the distribution of cardiovascular disease risk factors varies by geographical location. Sub-Saharan Africa has a younger population, higher prevalence of elevated blood pressure, lower smoking rates, and lower prevalence of elevated cholesterol than western Europe and North America. These variations mean that the profile of cardiovascular disease differs between low-income and high-income countries. Research in, implementation of, and advocacy for risk reduction of cardiovascular disease in the global context of HIV should account for differences in the distribution of traditional cardiovascular disease risk factors (eg, hypertension, smoking), consider non-traditional cardiovascular disease risk factors (eg, access to antiretroviral therapy with more benign cardiovascular disease side effect profiles, indoor air pollution), and encourage the inclusion of relevant risk reduction approaches for cardiovascular disease in HIV-care guidelines. Future research priorities include implementation science to scale up and expand integrated HIV and cardiovascular disease care models, which have shown promise in sub-Saharan Africa; HIV and cardiovascular disease epidemiology and mechanisms in women; and tobacco cessation for people living with HIV.

Indexed as

Cardiovascular DiseasesHIV InfectionsHumansPovertyPrevalence

Identifiers

PMID32243826
PMCPMC9346572
OpenAlexW3014890186

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.