Observational studyCardiovascular diabetology2020
Association of small dense low-density lipoprotein with cardiovascular outcome in patients with coronary artery disease and diabetes: a prospective, observational cohort study.
Observational study in Cardiovascular diabetology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 82 citations in OpenAlex.
- Atherogenic Lipoproteins for the Statin Residual Cardiovascular Disease Risk.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Pooled it
- American Association of Clinical Endocrinology Clinical Practice Guideline: Developing a Diabetes Mellitus Comprehensive Care Plan-2022 Update.Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists · 2022Guideline
- Small Dense Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Cardiovascular Risk in Statin-Treated Patients with Coronary Artery Disease.Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis · 2022Trial
- Trial
- Article
- Small Dense Low-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol as a Prognostic Risk Factor in Premature Acute Coronary Syndrome with Multivessel Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis · 2026Article
- Exercise-induced hypertension, atherogenic lipid subfractions, and cardiorespiratory fitness in marathon runners.Preventive medicine reports · 2026Article
- Endothelial Metabolic Reprogramming Links Diabetes to Atherosclerosis.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2026Review
- Article
- The association between atherogenic index of plasma and cognitive impairment among older adults in Southern Iran: findings from the Bushehr elderly health program.BMC geriatrics · 2025Article
- Discordance of Small Dense LDL Cholesterol Beyond LDL Cholesterol or Non-HDL Cholesterol and Carotid Plaque.JACC. Asia · 2025Article
- HDL Function Versus Small Dense LDL: Cardiovascular Benefits and Implications.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Suboptimal Control of Small Dense Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Is Associated With Coronary Plaque Progression: An Intravascular Ultrasound Study.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Article
- Clinical significance of small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol measurement in type 2 diabetes.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2025Review
- An emerging double‑edged sword role of ferroptosis in cardiovascular disease (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Japan Atherosclerosis Society (JAS) Guidelines for Prevention of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases 2022.Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis · 2024Article
- Role of Small Dense Low-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Receiving Statin Treatment.Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis · 2024Article
- Association of non-HDL-C/apoB ratio with long-term mortality in the general population: A cohort study.Heliyon · 2024Article
- New Advances in Rapid Pretreatment for Small Dense LDL Cholesterol Measurement Using Shear Horizontal Surface Acoustic Wave (SH-SAW) Technology.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Nrf2 Pathway and Oxidative Stress as a Common Target for Treatment of Diabetes and Its Comorbidities.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
18 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundElevation in small dense low-density lipoprotein (sdLDL) is common in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), which has already been reported to be associated with incidence of coronary artery disease (CAD). The aim of the present study was to investigate the prognostic value of plasma sdLDL level in patients with stable CAD and DM.
methodsA total of 4148 consecutive patients with stable CAD were prospectively enrolled into the study and followed up for major cardiovascular events (MACEs) up to 8.5 years. Plasma sdLDL level was measured in each patient by a direct method using automated chemistry analyzer. The patients were subsequently divided into four groups by the quartiles of sdLDL and the association of sdLDL level with MACEs in different status of glucose metabolism [DM, Pre-DM, normal glycaemia regulation (NGR)] was evaluated.
resultsA total of 464 MACEs were documented. Both Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression analysis indicated that the patients in quartile 4 but not quartile 2 or 3 of sdLDL level had significantly higher rate of MACEs than that in lowest quartile. When the prognostic value of high sdLDL was assessed in different glucose metabolism status, the results showed that the high sdLDL plus DM was associated with worse outcome after adjustment of confounding risk factors (hazard ratio: 1.83, 95% confident interval: 1.24-2.70, p < 0.05). However, no significant association was observed for high sdLDL plus Pre-DM or NGR.
conclusionsThe present study firstly indicated that elevated levels of plasma sdLDL were associated with increased risk of MACEs among DM patients with proven CAD, suggesting that sdLDL may be useful for CAD risk stratification in DM.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.