Evidence mapPaperPMID 32277270Full record

SynthesisEuropean journal of nutrition2021

Reducing postprandial glucose in dietary intervention studies and the magnitude of the effect on diabetes-related risk factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Carolien Ruijgrok, Ellen E Blaak, Léonie Egli, Pierre Dussort, Sophie Vinoy, Simone P Rauh, Joline W Beulens, M Denise Robertson, Marjan Alssema

Open access · hybridAbstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in European journal of nutrition, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
1.4field-weighted citation impact, top 18% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Trial
  3. Trial
  4. Article
  5. Advancing Precision Nutrition Through Multimodal Data and Artificial Intelligence.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Nutritional strategies to attenuate postprandial glycemic response.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2022
    Review
  11. Observational
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 8 institutions in 4 countries.

Carolien RuijgrokDepartment of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Amsterdam UMC - location VUmc, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Ellen E BlaakDepartment of Human Biology, NUTRIM, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Léonie EgliNestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Nestlé Research, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Pierre DussortILSI Europe a.I.S.B.L., Avenue E. Mounier 83, Box 6, 1200, Brussels, Belgium. publications@ilsieurope.be.
Sophie VinoyNutrition Department, Mondelez International R&D, Saclay, France.
Simone P RauhDepartment of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Amsterdam UMC - location VUmc, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Joline W BeulensDepartment of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Amsterdam UMC - location VUmc, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
M Denise RobertsonDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.
Marjan AlssemaDepartment of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Amsterdam UMC - location VUmc, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Amsterdam University Medical Centers · NLEMGO Institute for Health and Care Research · NLInternational Life Sciences Institute Europe · BEMaastricht University · NLNestlé (Switzerland) · CHUnilever (Netherlands) · NLUniversity Medical Center Utrecht · NLUniversity of Surrey · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeReducing postprandial hyperglycemia has beneficial effects on diabetes-related risk factors, but the magnitude of the reduction needed to achieve such an effect is unknown. The purpose of the study was to quantify the relationship of acute glucose and insulin postprandial responses with longer-term effects on diabetes-related risk factors by performing a systematic review and meta-analysis of dietary intervention studies.

methodsWe systematically searched EMBASE and MEDLINE. Dietary intervention studies among any human population aiming to reduce postprandial glycemia, with actual measures of postprandial glucose (PPG) and/or insulin (PPI) as acute exposures (incremental area under the curve, iAUC) as well as markers of glucose metabolism (fasting glucose, HbA1c) and insulin sensitivity (fasting insulin, HOMA-IR) after at least 4 weeks of diet intervention as outcomes were included. Meta-analyses were performed for the effects on acute exposures and on diabetes-related risk factors. The relationship between changes in acute exposures and changes in risk factor outcomes was estimated by meta-regression analyses.

resultsOut of the 13,004 screened papers, 13 papers with 14 comparisons were included in the quantitative analysis. The dietary interventions acutely reduced mean PPG [mean difference (MD), - 0.27 mmol/l; 95% CI - 0.41 to - 0.14], but not mean PPI (MD - 7.47 pmol/l; 95% CI - 16.79 to 1.86). There were no significant overall effects on fasting glucose and insulin. HbA1c was reduced by - 0.20% (95% CI - 0.35 to - 0.05). Changes in acute PPG were significantly associated with changes in fasting plasma glucose (FPG) [per 10% change in PPG: β = 0.085 (95% CI 0.003, 0.167), k = 14], but not with fasting insulin [β = 1.20 (95% CI - 0.32, 2.71), k = 12]. Changes in acute PPI were not associated with changes in FPG [per 10% change in PPI: β = - 0.017 (95% CI - 0.056, 0.022), k = 11].

conclusionsOnly a limited number of postprandial glucose-lowering dietary intervention studies measured acute postprandial exposures to PPG/PPI during the interventions. In this small heterogeneous set of studies, an association was found between the magnitude of the acute postprandial responses and the change in fasting glucose, but no other outcomes. More studies are needed to quantify the relationship between acute postprandial changes and long-term effects on risk factors.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2GlucoseBlood GlucoseFastingGlycated HemoglobinHumansInsulinPostprandial PeriodBlood GlucoseGlucoseGlycated HemoglobinInsulinGlucoseGlycemic indexGlycemic loadHbA1cInsulin

Identifiers

PMID32277270
PMCPMC7867534
OpenAlexW3014470751

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.