Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32322562›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology2020

Challenges of Immune Response Diversity in the Human Population Concerning New Tuberculosis Diagnostics, Therapies, and Vaccines.

Abul K Azad, Christopher Lloyd, Wolfgang Sadee, Larry S Schlesinger

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
0.1field-weighted citation impact, top 46% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Drug resistance mechanisms inFrontiers in pharmacology · 2026
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Challenges in developing new tuberculosis vaccines.Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz · 2025
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Abul K AzadHost-Pathogen Interaction Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States.
Christopher LloydHost-Pathogen Interaction Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States.
Wolfgang SadeeDepartment of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Pharmacogenomics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.
Larry S SchlesingerHost-Pathogen Interaction Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States.
Texas Biomedical Research Institute · USThe Ohio State University · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Universal approaches to the prevention and treatment of human diseases fail to take into account profound immune diversity resulting from genetic variations across populations. Personalized or precision medicine takes into account individual lifestyle, environment, and biology (genetics and immune status) and is being adopted in several disease intervention strategies such as cancer and heart disease. However, its application in infectious diseases, particularly global diseases such as tuberculosis (TB), is far more complex and in a state of infancy. Here, we discuss the impact of human genetic variations on immune responses and how they relate to failures seen in current TB diagnostic, therapy, and vaccine approaches across populations. We offer our perspective on the challenges and potential for more refined approaches going forward.

Indexed as

Mycobacterium tuberculosisTuberculosisTuberculosis VaccinesAntigens, BacterialHumansImmunityAntigens, BacterialTuberculosis Vaccinesdiagnosticsgenetic diversitygeneticsimmunitytherapytuberculosisvaccine

Identifiers

PMID32322562
PMCPMC7156588
OpenAlexW3015400593

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.