ArticleCardiovascular diabetology2020
Fatty liver index and development of cardiovascular disease in Koreans without pre-existing myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke: a large population-based study.
Article in Cardiovascular diabetology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 99 citations in OpenAlex.
- KASL clinical practice guidelines for noninvasive tests to assess liver fibrosis in chronic liver disease.Clinical and molecular hepatology · 2024Guideline
- Fatty liver index (FLI): more than a marker of hepatic steatosis.Journal of physiology and biochemistry · 2024Pooled it
- KASL clinical practice guidelines: Management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.Clinical and molecular hepatology · 2021Guideline
- Acute Coronary Syndromes and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: "Un Affaire de Coeur".Canadian journal of gastroenterology & hepatology · 2020Pooled it
- Factors associated with symptom relief and lesion formation in acute ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack.BMC neurology · 2026Article
- Steatotic liver disease indices for cardiovascular event prediction: Panasonic cohort study 28.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2026Article
- Population estimates, trends, characteristics and prognostic outcomes of cardiovascular-kidney-liver-metabolic health: A population-based study.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2026Article
- The Relationship Between Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels and Cardiovascular Risk in Koreans With and Without Diabetes.Journal of lipid and atherosclerosis · 2026Article
- Link between Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease and Cardiovascular Diseases.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Review
- The effect of hepatic steatosis index on prediabetes: A large-scale retrospective cohort study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Association of cardiometabolic index with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease among Iranian adults of the amol cohort study.BMC gastroenterology · 2025Article
- Combined impact of prediabetes and fatty liver index on cardiometabolic outcomes and mortality in middle aged adults: a nationwide cohort study.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2025Article
- Prognostic Significance of Fatty Liver Index for the Development of Hypertension and Cardiovascular Events in Populations With Suboptimal Blood Pressure.Journal of Korean medical science · 2025Article
- Non-linear relationship between the hepatic steatosis index and glycemic progression: evidence from a large-scale retrospective cohort study in a Chinese population.BMC gastroenterology · 2025Article
- Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and its associated health risks.Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA · 2025Review
- The association of fatty liver index and metabolic syndrome with cardiovascular outcomes, liver-related mortality, and all-cause mortality: a nationwide cohort study.Internal and emergency medicine · 2025Article
- Creatinine-to-cystatin C ratio and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in U.S. adults with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a nationwide cohort study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Combined impact of prediabetes and hepatic steatosis on cardiometabolic outcomes in young adults.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2024Article
- Comparative associations of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease with risk of incident chronic kidney disease: a cohort study.Hepatobiliary surgery and nutrition · 2024Article
- Non-Invasive Serum Markers of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Fibrosis: Potential Tools for Detecting Patients with Cardiovascular Disease.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDespite the known association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD), whether NAFLD predicts future CVD events, especially CVD mortality, remains uncertain. We evaluated the relationship between fatty liver index (FLI), a validated marker of NAFLD, and risk of major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) in a large population-based study.
methodsWe identified 3011,588 subjects in the Korean National Health Insurance System cohort without a history of CVD who underwent health examinations from 2009 to 2011. The primary endpoint was a composite of cardiovascular deaths, non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI), and ischemic stroke. A Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was performed to assess association between the FLI and the primary endpoint.
resultsDuring the median follow-up period of 6 years, there were 46,010 cases of MACEs (7148 cases of cardiovascular death, 16,574 of non-fatal MI, and 22,288 of ischemic stroke). There was a linear association between higher FLI values and higher incidence of the primary endpoint. In the multivariable models adjusted for factors, such as body weight and cholesterol levels, the hazard ratio for the primary endpoint comparing the highest vs. lowest quartiles of the FLI was 1.99 (95% confidence interval [CIs], 1.91-2.07). The corresponding hazard ratios (95% CIs) for cardiovascular death, non-fetal MI, and ischemic stroke were 1.98 (1.9-2.06), 2.16 (2.01-2.31), and 2.01 (1.90-2.13), respectively (p < 0.001). The results were similar when we performed stratified analyses by age, sex, use of dyslipidemia medication, obesity, diabetes, and hypertension.
conclusionsOur findings indicate that the FLI, which is a surrogate marker of NAFLD, has prognostic value for detecting individuals at higher risk for cardiovascular events.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.