ArticleJournal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD2020
Cognition and the Predictive Utility of Three Risk Scores in an Ethnically Diverse Sample.
Article in Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Multi-domain prognostic models used in middle-aged adults without known cognitive impairment for predicting subsequent dementia.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Cardiovascular disease risk models and dementia or cognitive decline: a systematic review.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2023Pooled it
- Associations of dementia polyexposure scores to Alzheimer's disease endophenotypes in a diverse population.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- Associations of dementia polyexposure scores to Alzheimer's disease endophenotypes in diverse populations.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Cardiovascular risk and cognitive performance: A population-based cross-sectional study (NEDICES2-RISK).PloS one · 2026Article
- Toward personalized medicine in AD/ADRD through genetic-exposome dementia risk assessments.NPJ dementia · 2026Review
- Enhancing the validity of CAIDE dementia risk scores with resting heart rate and machine learning: An analysis from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center across all races/ethnicities.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Article
- Subclinical vascular risk composites and dementia imaging biomarkers 17-20 years later in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).Cerebral circulation - cognition and behavior · 2025Article
- Dementia risk scores, apolipoprotein E, and risk of Alzheimer's disease: One size does not fit all.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024Article
- Dementia Risk Scores,medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2024Article
- Addition of inflammation-related biomarkers to the CAIDE model for risk prediction of all-cause dementia, Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia in a prospective study.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2024Article
- Cardiovascular Disease Risk Scores and Incident Dementia and Cognitive Decline in Older Men and Women.Gerontology · 2024Article
- Anti-oxidative-initiated cognitive impairment amelioration in Alzheimer's disease model rats through preventive transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation.Integrative medicine research · 2023Article
- Dementia Risk Models in an Australian First Nations Population: Cross-Sectional Associations and Preparation for Follow-Up.Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports · 2023Article
- Multidomain interventions: state-of-the-art and future directions for protocols to implement precision dementia risk reduction. A user manual for Brain Health Services-part 4 of 6.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2021Review
- Differential item functioning of the Beck Anxiety Inventory in a rural, multi-ethnic cohort.Journal of affective disorders · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundVarious factors, such as age, cardiovascular concerns, and lifestyle patterns, are associated with risk for cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Risk scores model predictive risk of developing a disease (e.g., dementia, stroke). Many of these scores have been primarily developed in largely non-Hispanic/Latino (non-H/L) White samples and little is known about their applicability in ethno-racially diverse populations.
objectiveThe primary aim was to examine the relationship between three established risk scores and cognitive performance. These relationships were compared across ethnic groups.
methodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study with a multi-ethnic, rural-dwelling group of participants (Mage = 61.6±12.6 years, range: 40-96 years; 373F:168M; 39.7% H/L). The Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Aging and Dementia (CAIDE), Framingham Risk Score (FRS), and Washington Heights-Inwood Columbia Aging Project (WHICAP) score were calculated for each participant.
resultsAll three scores were significantly associated with cognition in both H/L and non-H/L groups. In H/Ls, cognition was predicted by FRS: β= -0.08, p = 0.022; CAIDE: β= -0.08, p < 0.001; and WHICAP: β= -0.04, p < 0.001. In non-H/Ls, cognition was predicted by FRS: β= -0.11, p < 0.001; CAIDE: β= -0.14, p < 0.001; and WHICAP: β= -0.08, p < 0.001. The strength of this relationship differed between groups for FRS [t(246) = -4.61, p < 0.001] and CAIDE [t(420) = -3.20, p = 0.001], but not for WHICAP [t(384) = -1.03, p = 0.30], which already includes ethnicity in its calculation.
conclusionThese findings support the utility of these three risk scores in predicting cognition while underscoring the need to account for ethnicity. Moreover, our results highlight the importance of cardiovascular and other demographic factors in predicting cognitive outcomes.
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