ArticleJournal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)2020
A time course for markers of protein synthesis and degradation with hindlimb unloading and the accompanying anabolic resistance to refeeding.
Article in Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Heat treatment combined with hybrid exercises retraining mitigates cellular markers of protein turnover after hindlimb suspension in male mice: A pilot study.Experimental physiology · 2026Article
- Impact of 14 days of head-down bed rest and an exercise countermeasure on skeletal muscle atrophy, proteome and circulatory cytokines in older adults.Experimental physiology · 2026Article
- Brief ambulatory reloading elevates muscle protein synthesis but does not prevent disuse atrophy in hindlimb-unloaded rats.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2025Article
- The Effect of Cachexia on the Feeding Regulation of Skeletal Muscle Protein Synthesis in Tumour-Bearing Mice.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2025Article
- Article
- Comprehensive Review of Sepsis-Related Skeletal Muscle Atrophy: Mechanisms, Diagnosis and Therapeutic Strategies.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Review
- Prazosin improves insulin-induced anabolic signaling by protecting capillary regression in the soleus muscle of hindlimb-unloaded rats.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2024Article
- Post-operative protein supplementation following orthopaedic surgery: A systematic review.Sports medicine and health science · 2024Review
- Genetic diversity modulates the physical and transcriptomic response of skeletal muscle to simulated microgravity in male mice.NPJ microgravity · 2023Article
- Development of a cell-free strategy to recover aged skeletal muscle after disuse.The Journal of physiology · 2023Article
- Metformin Pre-Treatment as a Means of Mitigating Disuse-Induced Rat Soleus Muscle Wasting.Current issues in molecular biology · 2023Article
- Loss of 4E-BPs prevents the hindlimb immobilization-induced decrease in protein synthesis in skeletal muscle.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2023Article
- Convergence of signaling pathways in mediating actions of leucine and IGF-1 on mTORC1 in L6 myoblasts.American journal of physiology. Cell physiology · 2022Article
- Optimization of a pericyte therapy to improve muscle recovery after limb immobilization.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2022Article
- Cardiovasomobility: an integrative understanding of how disuse impacts cardiovascular and skeletal muscle health.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2022Review
- Ribosome biogenesis and degradation regulate translational capacity during muscle disuse and reloading.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2021Article
- Amino Acid Trafficking and Skeletal Muscle Protein Synthesis: A Case of Supply and Demand.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Review
- RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis of gene expression provides new insights into hindlimb unloading-induced skeletal muscle atrophy.Annals of translational medicine · 2020Article
- LAT1 Protein Content Increases Following 12 Weeks of Resistance Exercise Training in Human Skeletal Muscle.Frontiers in nutrition · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Skeletal muscle atrophy is associated with disease, aging, and disuse. Hindlimb unloading (HU) in animals provides an experimental model to study muscle atrophy. A comprehensive time course for how HU affects biomarkers of protein synthesis and degradation acutely and chronically and the associated resistance to an anabolic stimulus following disuse remain undocumented. Sixteen-week-old C57BL/6 mice underwent 0, 1, 12, 24, 72, 168, or 336 h of HU. Following 336 h of HU, mice were reloaded for 1, 24, or 72 h. Another group of mice underwent 120 h of HU, were fasted or refed, and were then compared with similar condition control animals (CTL). Protein content and phosphorylation of biomarkers of protein synthesis, degradation, and autophagy were assessed in the soleus muscle. Gastrocnemius, soleus, and plantaris muscles atrophied within 120 h of HU. Protein synthesis trended toward decrease following 24 h of HU. p70S6K phosphorylation and protein synthesis increased with reloading. Following HU, changes in MAFbx and DEPTOR expression and DEPTOR phosphorylation were consistent with development of a catabolic state. DEPTOR expression recovered following reloading. Animals that underwent 120 h of HU exhibited attenuation of refeeding-induced p70S6K phosphorylation compared with CTL counterparts. Following 120 h of HU, protein synthesis, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 (4E-BP1) phosphorylation, and DEPTOR, MAFbx, and Sestrin1 expression indicated a catabolic state. Following 120 h of HU, autophagy markers, including p62 expression, REDD1 expression, LC3 ratio, and Unc-51-like autophagy-activating kinase 1 (ULK1) phosphorylation, indicated impaired autophagy. HU promotes a deleterious balance between protein synthesis and degradation. The time course herein provides scientists information about when the associated biomarkers become affected.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.