Trial reportAddiction (Abingdon, England)2021
A randomized clinical trial of a group cognitive-behavioral therapy to reduce alcohol use among human immunodeficiency virus-infected outpatients in western Kenya.
Trial report in Addiction (Abingdon, England), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence and epidemiological distribution of substance use among people living with HIV in the East African region: a meta-analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- Primary-level and community worker interventions for the prevention of mental disorders and the promotion of well-being in low- and middle-income countries.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Psychosocial and pharmacologic interventions to reduce harmful alcohol use in low- and middle-income countries.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Patient-level interventions to reduce alcohol-related harms in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review and meta-summary.PLoS medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Primary-level worker interventions for the care of people living with mental disorders and distress in low- and middle-income countries.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2021Pooled it
- A systematic review of interventions for reducing heavy episodic drinking in sub-Saharan African settings.PloS one · 2020Pooled it
- Trial
- A pilot randomized controlled trial of Kisoboka, a behavioral economic and motivational interviewing intervention to reduce high-risk alcohol use and improve antiretroviral therapy adherence for men in Uganda.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2026Trial
- Increases in employment over six months following Khanya: A secondary analysis of a pilot randomized controlled trial of a peer-delivered behavioral intervention for substance use and HIV medication adherence in Cape Town, South Africa.The International journal on drug policy · 2024Trial
- Financial incentives for reduced alcohol use and increased isoniazid adherence during tuberculosis preventive therapy among people with HIV in Uganda: an open-label, factorial randomised controlled trial.The Lancet. Global health · 2023Trial
- Motivational interviewing and problem-solving therapy intervention for patients on antiretroviral therapy for HIV in Tshwane, South Africa: A randomized controlled trial to assess the impact on alcohol consumption.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2023Trial
- Development of an Economic and Relationship-Strengthening Intervention for Alcohol Drinkers Living with HIV in Malawi.AIDS and behavior · 2023Trial
- Effect of two counseling interventions on self-reported alcohol consumption, alcohol biomarker phosphatidylethanol (PEth), and viral suppression among persons living with HIV (PWH) with unhealthy alcohol use in Uganda: A randomized controlled trial.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2023Trial
- Efficacy of the Common Elements Treatment Approach (CETA) for Unhealthy Alcohol Use Among Adults with HIV in Zambia: Results from a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.AIDS and behavior · 2022Trial
- Effectiveness of a psychological intervention delivered by general nurses for alcohol use disorders in people living with HIV in Zimbabwe: a cluster randomized controlled trial.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2020Trial
- Practice facilitation to implement stepped care for unhealthy alcohol use in HIV clinics: study protocol for a type III hybrid effectiveness-implementation study.Addiction science & clinical practice · 2026Article
- Alcohol interventions for persons with HIV: Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials using phosphatidylethanol and self-report.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2025Article
- Using the ADAPT guidance to culturally adapt a brief intervention to reduce alcohol use among injury patients in Tanzania.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Closing the treatment gap for alcohol use disorders in low- and middle-income countries.Global mental health (Cambridge, England) · 2023Review
- Understanding Patients' Experiences with a Brief Alcohol Reduction Intervention among People Living with HIV in Uganda: A Qualitative Study.Substance use & misuse · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
16 authors at 8 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsCulturally relevant and feasible interventions are needed to address limited professional resources in sub-Saharan Africa for behaviorally treating the dual epidemics of HIV and alcohol use disorder. This study tested the efficacy of a cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) intervention to reduce alcohol use among HIV-infected outpatients in Eldoret, Kenya.
designRandomized clinical trial.
settingA large HIV outpatient clinic in Eldoret, Kenya, affiliated with the Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare collaboration.
participantsA total of 614 HIV-infected outpatients [312 CBT; 302 healthy life-styles (HL); 48.5% male; mean age: 38.9 years; mean education 7.7 years] who reported a minimum of hazardous or binge drinking. INTERVENTION AND COMPARATOR: A culturally adapted six-session gender-stratified group CBT intervention compared with HL education, each delivered by paraprofessionals over six weekly 90-minute sessions with a 9-month follow-up. MEASUREMENTS: Primary outcome measures were percentage of drinking days (PDD) and mean drinks per drinking day (DDD) computed from retrospective daily number of drinks data obtained by use of the time-line follow-back from baseline to 9 months post-intervention. Exploratory analyses examined unprotected sex and number of partners.
findingsMedian attendance was six sessions across condition. Retention at 9 months post-intervention was high and similar by condition: CBT 86% and HL 83%. PDD and DDD marginal means were significantly lower in CBT than HL at all three study phases. Maintenance period, PDD - CBT = 3.64 (0.696), HL = 5.72 (0.71), mean difference 2.08, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.13 - 4.04; DDD - CBT = 0.66 (0.96), HL = 0.98 (0.098), mean difference = 0.31, 95% CI = 0.05 - 0.58. Risky sex decreased over time in both conditions, with a temporary effect for CBT at the 1-month follow-up.
conclusionsA cognitive-behavioral therapy intervention was more efficacious than healthy lifestyles education in reducing alcohol use among HIV-infected Kenyan outpatient drinkers.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.