Trial reportEBioMedicine2020
The effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on cue-induced craving in male patients with heroin use disorder.
Trial report in EBioMedicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 28 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Role of High Frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Management of Patients with Opioid Use Disorder in Upper Egypt
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) to Improve Recovery Outcomes Among Patients With Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) and Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD)
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Opioid craving does not incubate over time in inpatient or outpatient treatment studies: Is the preclinical incubation of craving model lost in translation?Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2024Pooled it
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of neuromodulation therapies for substance use disorders.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2024Pooled it
- Blunted anterior midcingulate response to reward in opioid users is normalized by prefrontal transcranial magnetic stimulation.Translational psychiatry · 2025Trial
- Deep Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Patients With Opioid Use Disorder: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Randomized Trial.Addiction biology · 2025Trial
- Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of suicidality in opioid use disorder: a pilot feasibility randomized controlled trial.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2025Trial
- Article
- Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for substance use disorders and chronic pain: A review of the evidence and call for increased mechanistic understanding.Current addiction reports · 2025Article
- Harnessing neuroimaging-guided transcranial magnetic stimulation for precision therapy in substance use disorders.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Review
- Emerging neuromodulation treatments for opioid and stimulant use disorders.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2025Review
- Noninvasive Brain Stimulation for Opioid Use Disorder: An Update of the Literature.Current behavioral neuroscience reports · 2025Article
- Cortical plasticity differences in substance use disorders.Fundamental research · 2024Article
- The Neurocircuitry of Substance Use Disorder, Treatment, and Change: A Resource for Clinical Psychiatrists.The American journal of psychiatry · 2024Review
- Modulation of dlPFC function and decision-making capacity by repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in methamphetamine use disorder.Translational psychiatry · 2024Article
- Preventing incubation of drug craving to treat drug relapse: from bench to bedside.Molecular psychiatry · 2023Review
- Neural circuits controlling choice behavior in opioid addiction.Neuropharmacology · 2023Review
- Implications of neuroimaging findings in addiction.Psychoradiology · 2023Review
- Deep magnetic stimulation targeting the medial prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortices for methamphetamine use disorder: a randomised, double-blind, sham-controlled study.General psychiatry · 2023Article
- Opioid use disorder: current trends and potential treatments.Frontiers in public health · 2023Review
- Neurobiological mechanisms and related clinical treatment of addiction: a review.Psychoradiology · 2022Review
- Partial recovery of the left DLPFC-right insula circuit with reduced craving in abstinent heroin users: a longitudinal study.Brain imaging and behavior · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 8 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCraving is a central feature of addiction. Early evidence suggests that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation is effective in reducing cue induced craving for patients with opioid use disorder (OUD). However, trials in large populations of patients with OUDs are lacking.
methodsWe randomly assigned 118 male heroin patients into three groups (i.e., 10 Hz rTMS, 1 Hz rTMS and a wait-list control group) from two addiction rehabilitation centers. rTMS was applied to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) for 20 daily consecutive sessions.
findingsResults showed that 10 Hz rTMS and 1 Hz rTMS were both effective in reducing cue-induced craving scores in heroin users when compared to the wait list group. The treatment effects lasted for up to 60 days after rTMS treatment cessation.
interpretationOur results suggest that rTMS applied to the DLPFC is effective in reducing craving severity in heroin use disorder patients. Our results also suggest that such treatment effects can last for up to 60 days after treatment cessation.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.